Sexual Harassment And Gender Inequality - 2146 Words

Social inequality is a pressing issue in society today. It is a problem that is embedded deeply in society and has a harmful and negative impact. It creates an uneven distribution of resources and opportunities in society thereby causing people to be marginalized. There are many categories associated with social inequality. Examples include race, ethnicity, age, gender, power and social class. This paper will examine gender inequality in society. Using an article from the Toronto Star, I will focus on sexual harassment as an issue of gender inequality in the workplace and the impact it has had on the self-esteem as well as opportunities and achievements of women. Gender Inequality can be defined as the unequal treatment and prejudice of a person on the basis of sex and gender roles. Sexual harassment is further defined as any unwelcome sexual advances, request for sexual favours of verbal, gestural or physical nature and with objectionable overtones which cause discomfort, humiliati on, fear or anger (I.L.O, 1958). Gender Inequality is mostly affected by women. In the workplace, schools, political positions and even in families, women are seen as the inferior sex. In Canadian history, it was not until the 1900s women were given equal rights to vote and the 1920s before a woman was elected in parliament. (Smith, 2011) This is to show that gender discrimination has been embedded in society for a very long time and although laws have been made to make sure males and females areShow MoreRelated Gender and Power in the Workplace Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesGender and Power in the Workplace This essay is an analysis of contemporary issues associated with gender and power in the workplace; which will specifically include a discussion of gender relations, stereotyping, women’s identity, the structuring of formal and informal power, sources of inequality, and sexual harassment. The concept of gender in relation to the division of labor in the workplace, and in relation to issues of power and control is an unfortunate, groundless stereotype. SuzanneRead MoreThe Inequality Between Men And Women Based Solely On Gender1025 Words   |  5 Pagesthe inequality between men and women based solely on gender. This dilemma is one that occurs across every continent and has been the subject of many riots, protests, and discussions since the early centuries. Gender inequality can happen in any setting, time, and place. However, gender inequality is highly likely inside the workplace. Many employers discriminate against woman and sometimes then do not even know that what they are saying or doing is considered discrimination. Gender inequality in theRead MoreGender Based Violence Against Women1428 Words   |  6 PagesGender-based violence is only one of the many inequality problems that women face within our society. In the midst of this problem something that becomes m ore infuriating is the fact that it most often happens at the hands of friends, loved ones, and family members who find a way to justify the abuse and/or put the blame back on the victim. Gender-based violence against women is commonly seen as both a consequence and a cause of gender inequality (mainstream domestic, 194). In this paper, gender-basedRead MoreGender-Based Violence. Gender-Based Violence Is Only One1438 Words   |  6 PagesGender-Based Violence Gender-based violence is only one of the many inequality problems that women face within our society. In the midst of this problem something that becomes more infuriating is the fact that it most often happens at the hands of friends, loved ones, and family members who find a way to justify the abuse and/or put the blame back on the victim. Gender-based violence against women is commonly seen as both a consequence and a cause of gender inequality (Walby, Towers, Francis, 2014Read MoreThe Status of Women in India in the Past, Present and Future Essays1157 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION The issue of gender inequality is one which has been publicly reverberating through society for years. Gender inequality is one of the most serious ethical issues in India today. Gender inequality in India is described as a preferential treatment arising out of prejudice based on the gender. The aim of this research is to discuss the status of women in India in the past, present and future and discuss any political movements which took place in the society in order for Women to beRead MoreGetting More Equality For Working Women985 Words   |  4 Pages women are still subjected to an unequal treatment of men. Though our labor law is claiming to protect all workers, women are still under the bus. Despite some progress in work areas, women still experience â€Å"a glass ceiling† and sexual harassment due to gender inequality. Therefore, it is imperative to set up more workshops to support women to get more equality at work. From the 1960 Women s liberation movement, women get more respect and freedom in society. The world of American women was limitedRead MoreSexual Harassment And The Civil Rights Act869 Words   |  4 PagesSexual harassment is a form of gender discrimination and therefore it is a violation of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Sexual harassment perpetuates inequality preventing students from equal access to education. Colleges are obliged by the Federal Government to implement the programs that prevent sexual harassment and educate students. Sexual harassment on campus can take various forms and come not only from student but also from the professors. When a professor promises a certain grade in exchange forRead MoreDespite The Issues That Have Surrounded Women In The Workplace1571 Words   |  7 Pagescareer, or internship. Either gender has been sexually harassed and prejudiced by the people who have power over them, or the workers they call friends. These issues that have appeared has ca used a lot of fear, anger, and anguish. That is why those with the power should input policies, including gender bias training in management, and include employee assessment to fully ensure the protection of the genders against sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment in the workplace has been a growingRead MoreImproving Workplace Opportunities For Women1590 Words   |  7 Pagesfor women. However, these laws failed to guarantee workplace equality since female workers still face discrimination through significant pay gaps for similar job duties, lack of representation in boards and high paying positions, and also face sexual harassment at the workplace. Reports reveal that women still have a long way to go to achieve equality for themselves in their workplaces. More than two decades of development have resulted in only marginal progress for working women all around the worldRead MoreGender And Its Effects On Our Society Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesGender plays an important part in the way our society is shaped. Through examining gender-based inequalities in the public and in the workplace and this essay aims to visit some of the unfrequented borders of sexual violence, and to translate their effects on our society through t he theme of differences and divisions. Sociologists assert that an individual’s sex can have significant disparity to their gender. Sex is defined by biological means including an individual’s anatomy that has been assigned

Cubism, Orphism And Futurism Share A Common Language,...

The early 20th century in Europe was a time of rapid change. Modern art movements explored new ways of communicating this new modern condition – what is was like to live in an environment that was advancing and developing with incrediable speed . Dynamism became a means for the artists of the time to communicate what has been termed the modern condition. Cubism, Orphism and Futurism share a common language, Dynamism. Dynamism is a mechanism for communicating a sense of change or movement.. Artists also invested their own emotions of what they were experiencing through the use of dynamism. Viewers can understand that there was an excitement, anxiety and uncertainty associated with living this bustling, changing society. The movements reflected societies appreciation and interest in freedom of movement in art across Europe prior World War One. People were immensely excited by speed, technology and new forms of transport and communication. They all felt the world around them was begining to quickly change. The artists of the time employed dynamism in their works to express this rapid movement. Cubism responded to the world changing at a revoulutionary speed dynamically communicated through abstract art. Cubists disregarded traditonal ways of portraying a subject, and instead broke down the subject matter into scattered shapes and objects. According to Spain’s National Museum of Art, â€Å"Cubism demonstrated conclusively that the experience of moderity was bound to a dynamic and

Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesnt

Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesn't What to Expect From Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples? Unnecessary words and incomplete sentences ought to be rectified to create the essay look professional. You may also talk about the paragraphs separately or divide the job into sections. Introductory paragraph always sets the tone of the whole essay, so it must include all the key ideas you're likely to discuss. Each individual paragraph should concentrate on a particular part of the thesis. Having coped with this kind of issue, you might proceed to work on the principal paragraphs. The primary aim of the body paragraphs is to fully demonstrate the thesis statement. If you opt to analyze rhetorical appeals, then you are going to have to organize every one of them into a different body paragraph. The Unseen major character appears to be tormented. The Fight Against Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples Therefore, the conclusion proves that the author of the original work was effective and successful by utilizing the technique. Before writing an analysis, the author should recognize the significance of the info gathered and review the information to comprehend the sort of rhetorical strategies the author applied to get the intended function. The introduction usually starts out with some type of background info. It should highlight the main ideas of your rhetorical analysis so that the audience has an idea of what to expect. Restatement of the main points may also involve a concise explanation of the importance of the rhetorical strategies utilized in the work under analysis. Information alluded in conclusion needs to be brief. The examples provided here are intentionally diverse so they supply you with an assortment of significant points. If you would like to make sure your essay is completed according to all the requirements, you will certainly require assistance of a rhetorical analysis example. It would be vital that you echo the introduction at the conclusion of the analysis. Watch out for any odds of further studies on the topic In the ending of a rhetorical analysis essay, you also need to give readers a tiny details about any upcoming research to be done on the topic of analysis. All the above mentioned rhetorical analysis examples utilize a frequent way of analysis called the SOAPSTone Method. The Foolproof Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples Strategy For example, a rhetorical analysis essay assignment will require that you explain the numerous tools of rhetoric utilized by the author in an effort to alter the minds of his audience. The thesis statement should analyze the method by which the author utilized his techniques to accomplish his objective. As an issue of fact, a rhetorical essay is really st raightforward. Therefore, an analytical essay is a bit of writing that supplies an informative observation about the particular topic or idea. You've got to reveal the end result of the author's speech and its impact. An amazing conclusion explains the way the speech impacts the audience. Since you may see, it isn't essential for the author to be a professional in the field you consider, but it's always fantastic to demonstrate he or she indeed has a say. In addition, the author's language is examined to identify its potency in making an appropriate atmosphere and having a strong effect on readers. After considering all big facets of the job, it is the right time to proceed to the outline. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you find yourself getting an excellent grade. Gladness purpose is to convince the overall population that social media is much less dang errors to the status quo as a lot of people are lead to trust. To pass the program, you should scrutinize the subject and know about the rhetorical ways. Top Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples Secrets It is always recommended that y ou understand how to compose a rhetorical analysis essay conclusion as a way to deliver a strong ending to the paper. It's still true that you have to read some helpful information about how to compose a rhetorical analysis essay. Well, a rhetorical analysis essay is quite much like that with a tiny exception, obviously. Clearly, writing an essay on this issue of marijuana is too general. Following are a couple of sample rhetorical analysis essays on some critical topics you can benefit from. This essay examples will put the info above into perspective. The following are a few of the key guidelines on how best to compose a rhetorical analysis essay for AP English. Listed here are key guidelines about how to compose a rhetorical analysis essay conclusion.

Essay on The Tell Tale Heart - 655 Words

The Insane Killer One of Edgar Allan Poe’s most terrifying tales is â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart†. Poe’s life was tragic because many of the women that Edgar Allan Poe loved very much had died of tuberculosis- his mother, his foster mother, his wife Virginia, and the men in his life kept abandoning him, so that made him dark and depressed. That darkness shows in a lot of his stories, including this one. â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is a story about a murder the narrator commits. He kills an old man because the old man’s vulture eye makes him furious and annoyed. The narrator of â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is insane because he murdered the old man without a motive and because he was so paranoid in his actions.†¦show more content†¦Even taking 5 minutes to stick a head inside a room is too long, but 1 hour –that’s totally crazy and a big sign of a neurotic person. †Was it possible they heard not? Almighty God! –no, no!† screams the narrator as they are sitting in the old man’s room with the police officers. â€Å"They heard! –they suspected! –they knew! –they were making a mockery of my horror! –this I thought and this I think.† This shows that the narrator is obsessed with the old man’s heart because he keeps on hearing it, even though that’s probably just his dirty conscience. It also shows that he is paranoid about the officers hearing the heartbeat, even though it’s impossible and they obviously don’t, because they don’t start looking around or asking any questions, which they would have done if they really did hear the heartbeat. The narrator in the story is insane because he murders an old man without any motive and is really paranoid. I believe that Edgar Allan Poe is trying to tell us in this story that we shouldn’t let our thoughts and feelings bottle up, because eventually we’ll do somet hing insane, like the narrator did. He bottled everything up inside of himself, which led to the murder of an innocent person. We should let those thoughts and feelings out so we wouldn’t explode and, for example, kill someone. Don’t keep anything bad inside your heart because later you might regretShow MoreRelatedThe Tale the Heart Tells523 Words   |  2 PagesMany a night, just at midnight, when all the world slept, it has welled up from my own bosom, deepening, with its dreadful echo, the terrors that distracted me. I say I knew it well. I knew what the old man felt and pitied him although I chuckled at heart† (Poe 2). The narrator sees the man as his double through such an emphasis on their similar features, which later becomes crucial as the narrator feels the need for the displacement of his fear. The fact that the old man’s fear is warranted due toRead MoreEssay on The Tell-Tale Heart852 Words   |  4 PagesAndrew Fiddler Professor Esquivel English 1020 15 February 2013 Themes of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† Edgar Allen Poe explores the similarity of love and hate in many stories, especially â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart.† In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† the narrator confesses a love for an old man whom he then violently murders and dismembers the body and hides the pieces below the floorboards in the bedroom. When the police arrive, the narrator appears normal and unshaken by the murder. Later on, the man gives inRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart Essay1015 Words   |  5 PagesBeating Heart With a descriptive epistle of murder and insanity, â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† threw itself into history as a classic. The narrator tells of his plot to murder an old man with a â€Å"vulture eye.† Although he sneaks into his bedroom, night after night, he still cannot murder the old man, because he loves the man, but hates the eye. When seeing the vulture eye on the eighth night, he murders the old man and dismembers his body. While insisting upon his sanity he hears the old man’s heart beatingRead MoreTell Tale Heart Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"Tell Tale Heart,† Edgar Allen Poe develops the plot and creates a mood through the use of metaphors, symbolism, imagery, and foreshadowing. The unique use of said literary devices enables the story to strongly entice the reader’s interest and spark high levels of curiosity. The vivid mental pieces of art are beautifully painted with metaphors, symbolism, and imagery, the tools mastered by the p ainter, Edgar Allen Poe. The initial analysis will be that of the old man’s eye. Mr. Poe uses veryRead More The Tell Tale Heart Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesIn the â€Å"Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, the narrator is extremely uncanny due to the reader’s inability to trust him. Right from the beggining the reader can tell that the narrator is crazy although the narrator does proclaim that he is sane. Since a person cannot trust a crazy person, the narrator himself is unreliable and therefore uncanny. Also as the story progress the narrator falls deeper and deeper into lunacy making him more and more unreliable, until the end of the story where the narratorRead More A Hanging and A Tell-Tale Heart1541 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters of the guard from George Orwell’s â€Å"A Hanging† and the servant from Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"A Tell-Tale Heart†, they both experience the act of taking another person’s life. The guard from â€Å"A Hanging† works at a prison in Burma where felons await execution. His job is to lead the convicted men to their doom and makes sure everything goes routinely and swift. While the servant from â€Å"A Tell-Tale Heart† is a psychopathic man who lets his obsession over his boss’s glasseye lead him to plot and carryRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tell Tale Heart 1110 Words   |  5 Pagesdespicable villains are marked with indifference towards their moral reprehensibility. â€Å"In the Penal Colony† and â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† both elucidate the idea that corruption, darkness, and immorality alike are unperceivable to the one afflicted. However, while â€Å"In the Penal Colony† suggests that this blind nature is a result of dutiful honor, responsibility, and hope, â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† alternatively submits that it is a result of the possibility of fulfillment. Distinction between bothRead MoreThe Tell-Tale Heart Confession593 Words   |  2 PagesProbably not, but most americans have had this issue in that past. The narrator in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† had the same exact same problem during his span as a butler. â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is a short story composed about a butler that murders his master because he didn’t liked the way his master’s eye looked when it was open. The meaning of the title â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, means that every heart has a tale to tell. At the ending of the story the narrator openly admits that he killed his master to policeRead MoreThe Black Cat And The Tell Tale Heart957 Words   |  4 Pages the manner in which he expressed these emotions was his brilliantly horrifying short stories. In the two short stories â€Å"The Black Cat† and â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† Poe uses characterization to portray the guilt of the narrator. â€Å"The Black Ca t† short story’s writing has a morbid effect on readers and describes the torments of guilt. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† Poe explores the effects of the subconscious mind, the suppressing of guilt and the narrator’s guilt forcing him to confess.† â€Å"The Black Cat† isRead MorePsychosis and Guilt in The Tell-Tale Heart977 Words   |  4 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s ‘The Tell-Tale Heart,† the narrator explains how he is not mad, how cautious he is in planning a murder. A person can argue however with the narrator of ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’, which he is indeed mad. The anxiety the narrator experiences through out the story makes him mad, it is also the guilt that brought on more anxiety to the narrator at the end of the story. The narrator constantly speaks of how he is not mad; he constantly as the reader why would they think he is mad. â€Å"True

Concepts of Learning Free Essays

According to George Kimball, learning Is the result of a reinforced practice which results in a change in behavior. However, learning may not necessarily demonstrate itself in a change in behavior, but through the acquisition of knowledge. In other words, after learning, the individual will have new knowledge or be capable of doing something they would not have been able to do otherwise (Olson Hermann, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Concepts of Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, when a child Is being potty trained, he learns how to use the toilet; his behavior will change from using a diaper to using the toilet o relieve himself. To further explain the concept of learning, we will look at the role of behavior in relation to learning, classical and operant conditioning, and the relationship between learning and cognition (Olson Hermann, 2013). Role of Behavior In Relation to Learning According to Simile’s deflation of learning, there are several ways In which learning can only be inferred from an observable modification in behavior. In other words, learning must be translated into observable behavior (Olson Hermann, 2013). However, a change in behavior may not be observable immediately, that is, there may e a potential to act differently tat later time. Lastly, according to Kimball, learning in the form of experience or practice, which must be reinforced, will result in a change in behavior (Olson Hermann, 2013). With the exception of B. F. Skinner, most learning theorists agree that the learning process can only be assumed from modifications in behavior. However, not all changes in behavior are the result of learning. Some changes in behavior could be the result of a temporary state, such as illness, fatigue, or drug use (Olson Hermann, 2013). Some behaviors do not need to be learned, such as breathing or sweating. These behaviors are called homeostasis mechanisms. Their purpose Is to regulate a physiological stability. Humans are also born with reflexes. These reflexes, along with homeostasis, are necessary for survival. Learning Is often Identified through a relatively permanent change in behavior (Olson Hermann, 2013). Types of Learning There are two primary types of learning In terms of a procedures that can modify behavior: classical controlling and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning was first developed by Ivan Pavlov when he accidental discovered that his dogs had earned to associate the sound of a bell with dinner time, which caused the dogs to salivate (Olson Hermann, 2013). There are two requirements to classical conditioning. There must first be a natural reaction to an existing stimulus, such as an event or object. Next, the unconditioned stimulus that elicits a natural response Is paired with a new or â€Å"neutral† stimulus. The result Is that the formerly neutral my mom believes that giving her dog a high five before leaving the house makes her lucky because she won a couple of times at the casino after doing so. This prestigious behavior is a common example of classical conditioning in everyday life (Olson Hermann, 2013). The second form of conditioning is operant conditioning, sometimes called instrumental conditioning. Operant conditioning is a term first developed by B. F. Skinner, who used an apparatus he called the Skinner Box. The Skinner box was used to introduced a reinforce to condition a desired response (Olson Hermann, 2013). Operant conditioning differs from classical conditioning in that the organism must act in a specific way before it is reinforced; in other words, enforcement is reliant on the organisms behavior. With classical conditioning, the reaction is considered to be involuntary (Olson Hermann, 2013). The most important aspect of operant conditioning is that a reinforce is used to strengthen a behavior. There are four different types of reinforces: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment (Olson Hermann, 2013). Positive reinforcement is the addition of something agreeable or pleasant to strengthen a behavior. For example, giving the dog a treat after performing the trick properly. Negative reinforcement is the amoeba of something negative or unpleasant from the situation to strengthen the behavior. For example, when the students are well-behaved the teacher removes the essay question from the test (Olson Hermann, 2013). Now, positive punishment is the addition of something the organism views as unpleasant to decrease or weaken a behavior. For example, when the students are misbehaving, the teacher adds an essay question to the test. Lastly, negative punishment is the removal of something pleasant from the situation to weaken the behavior. When a child is misbehaving, taking away his or her favorite toy (Olson Hermann, 2013). Relationship Between Learning and Cognition Cognition and learning are closely associated and are codependent on one another. Without cognitive processes, learning cannot exist. The cognitive processes consist of thinking, remembering, knowing, and problem-solving. Other cognitive processes involve storing, receiving, processing, and using information learned by the individual (Olson Hermann, 2013). Learning is the manner in which an individual gains knowledge or skills through experience and practice, which causes a change in behavior. Learning requires the use of many cognitive processes. Cognition is classically thinking, but not everything a person thinks about will be stored in their long-term memory for later use. In order to learn, a person must store the new knowledge into their long-term memory, usually done through repetition (Olson Hermann, 2013). How memory processes information varies on an individual basis. Some people are able to recall information after Just one experience, others need to repetition or practice to be able to recall the same information (Olson wants to keep for retrieval at a later time. For example, when I was a child I watched a dinosaur movie for the first time, and did to have the knowledge to identify â€Å"the monsters†. Once my mother identified the monsters as dinosaurs to me I now had the cognitive experience of â€Å"dinosaur. I loved the movie and the idea of dinosaurs so much that over the next few months I read as much as I could about dinosaurs. Through reading and looking at pictures, I gained the ability to identify many different species of dinosaurs. Eventually, I became able to identify other reptilian animals of various sizes. Conclusion In summary, learning is the product of practice and experience that has been reinforced which results in a behavior modification. On the other hand, learning does not always reveal itself in a change in behavior, but through the procurement of knowledge. However, most learning theorists believe that the learning process can only be presumed from a change in behavior. A relatively permanent change in behavior is a good indicator if learning has taken place. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Are two primary types of learning in terms of a processes that can modify behavior. The difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning is that in operant conditioning is that the organism must act in a specific ay before it is reinforced; in classical conditioning reinforcement is reliant on the organisms behavior. Learning and cognition have a close relationship and are codependent on one another. Without cognitive processes, learning cannot exist. In this paper, we looked at the concept of learning, we looked at the role of behavior in relation to learning, classical and operant conditioning, and the relationship between learning and cognition. References Olson, M. H. Hermann, B. R. (2013). An introduction to theories of learning (9th deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. How to cite Concepts of Learning, Papers

Accounting Concepts and Practices Maximize the Returns

Question: Describe about the Accounting Concepts and Practices for Maximize the Returns. Answer: Introduction The main aim of this report is to provide a fruitful advice to the client, who wants to invest in Woolworths Ltd with the purpose to maximize the returns. This report discusses the company's core business including description about its operating activities. In addition, it also discusses the progress of the company against its strategic priorities. It also identifies and discusses any significant issue emerging from the reports by Chairman, managing director, and the corporate social responsibility report. It also presents the financial performance of the company on the basis of calculation and interpretation of key financial ratios. It also evaluates the creation or reduction of the company's value in terms of "six capitals" over time. In last, it provides recommendations on investing in Woolworths Ltd. Core Business and Operating Activities In Australia, Woolworth Ltd is a public company and ranked number 2 out of the 2000 top companies (IBIS WOrld, 2016). The major part of its income comes from the Supermarkets and Grocery Stores in Australia industry. The core business of the company is related to the retailing of food, liquor, and petrol. In addition, it also operates as a retailer of home improvement and general merchandise (Annual Report, 2015). It also operates in the gaming and hospitality sector. The main operating activities of Woolworth is as below: Supermarkets and Petrol: 'Approx 992 supermarkets are operated by Woolworth, 5 Thomas Dux grocery stores, 184 Countdown grocery stores (in New Zealand), and 530 petrol stations' (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Endeavour Drinks Group: The company also operates its liquor businesses both online and offline. It sells liquor online and in-store through its businesses including 'Dan Murphys, BWS, Cellarmasters, Langtons and winemarket.com.au.' (Annual Report, 2015). BIG W: About 186 Big W discount department stores are also operated by the company in Australia. The main operating activities in these stores include 'selling of hardware, software, health beauty products, books and stationery, homewares, toys, sports equipment, clothing, recorded media, automotive goods and pet food' (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Masters Home Improvement: Under this brand, which was launched in the year 2011, the company retails more than 35,000 products. The company also operates this brand online (Annual Report, 2015). Hotels: Woolworth also operates 331 licensed venues and gaming operations throughout Australia through its majority-held subsidiary, Australian Leisure Hospitality Group (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Financial Services: The company's operations also include the management of financial services through its division Woolworths Money (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Woolworths Rewards: The management of rewards point system also comes under the operating activities of the company. Ezibuy: The firm's operating under the apparel and homeware catalogue market includesEzibuy, which sells many products to customers through catalogues, a call centre, retail outlets and online order (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Analysis of Woolworth's Progress in contrast to Strategic Priorities It is identified from the current growth plan of the company that there are four key strategic priorities for Woolworth. These include 'extend leadership in food and liquor, maximize shareholder value by acting on its portfolio, preserve the record of establishing new growth businesses, and invest in the enablers for a new growth era (Woolworth Limited, 2012). The company significantly progressed against all its strategic priorities. For instance, to extend leading position in the food and liquor business, the company considerably progressed. For example, in the contest of food group, the company inserted the customers as an integral part of the core of all decisions, invest more than $200 million in price to show price parity with Coles, enhance service hours to ensure fresh and on-shelf availability, and established a new leadership team (Annual Report, 2015). In addition, Woolworth is the Australia's first retailer to sign the 'Australian Food Grocery Industry Code of Conduct', w hich make sure about the certainty for food and grocery suppliers and greater transparency. It shows that in the year 2015, the company improved its leading position in the food market. Moreover, in relation to the Liquor Group, to strengthen the leadership, the company successfully launched a new loyalty program in year 2014, which is beneficial to effectively engage customers. Additionally, the company also built 'danmurphys.com.au' as a prime online liquor destination in Australia (Annual Report, 2015). At the same time, Woolworth's efforts to maintain an effective remuneration policy that is aligned with its business strategy and also match with its business values and culture, significantly contributed to enhance shareholder value. In addition, the company also strengthen its current portfolio by increasing investment that also ensures growth in total shareholder value (Annual Report, 2015). Woolworth also opened 14 new petrol sites, extended its offer by rolling out Bulk Food and raised the number of online products. All these support the company to maintain its record to develop new growth businesses. Additionally, in the year 2015, the company significantly invests to develop HR capabilities. The company also made significant changes in the senior management team with the focus to develop people, who can lead the business to new growth era (Annual Report, 2015). It shows that the company progressed effectively to ensure the attainment of its strategic priorities. Issues Emerging from the Chairmans Report It can be discussed based on the report of the chairman that several issues are emerging that can adversely impact on the company's position in the Australian market. The chairman said that the fiscal year 2015 was a challenging one for Woolworth. It is because during this year, the company made a number of substantial changes to the senior management team with the purpose to enhance customer satisfaction and deliver long-term shareholder value (Annual Report, 2015). It creates the issue for the company to successfully involve new senior managers in the business and increase coordination and cooperation within the team. In addition, it can also be discussed that the changes at Woolworth also create new retail challenges for the company in terms of ensuring the effectiveness of its strategy to meet challenges and speeding the lean retail model to compete in the new environment. The report also reflects that the group sales were decrease by 0.2% in the year 2015 over year 2014. The main reason behind this was lower fuel sales. It shows the issue of improving fuel sales as petrol is a core business of the company. Additionally, it can also be discussed that it is also an issue for the company to proven its current business and marketing strategies to increase sales revenue in highly dynamic and competitive retail business environment (Annual Report, 2015). Identified Issues from the Managing Director's Report From the report by the managing director, it is found that in year 2015, the company faced a issue to deliver growth as profits do not significantly improved over the previous year. It is also assessed that dramatic changes in the market environment such as emergence of stronger competition and changes in the shopping behaviour of the customers also creates several issues related to enhance sales revenue, firm's profitability position, and ensure the success of current retail model (Annual Report, 2015). It also creates the issue for the company to continuously improve the customer experience as well as increase net profit. There is also need for the company to provide strong sustainable returns to the stakeholders at the same time increasing customer satisfaction rate. The other issues for the company are identified as recover its leading position in the Australian supermarket, improve market share in the liquor business, get better the business profitability, and maintain disciplin ed portfolio management (Annual Report, 2015). It is also identified from the report that the current managing director is retiring from the company. Thus, it also creates the issue to appoint a new talented and experienced managing director, who will work in the company's best interest. Moreover, there are also other issues for the company to improve sales of different divisions, mainly petrol business, increase overall profitability for Woolworth and maintain its leading position in the industry (Annual Report, 2015). Issues from the CSR Report Woolworth Limited launched a sustainability strategy eight years ago that support it in maintaining a leading position in the retail industry and among peers. It is also found that the company successfully attained most of the CSR targets in the year 2015. The main issue that is emerging from the CSR report is related to failure of the company to attain zero food waste to landfill (Corporate Social Responsibility Report, 2015). In addition, there is also need for the company to keep a focus on the continuous improvement to enhance the effectiveness of its CSR efforts. But, at the same time, it is also evaluated that Woolworth ensures compliance with the principles related to human rights, environment, labour, and anti-corruption. Key Financial Ratios For 2015 The below table summarizes the calculation of main financial ratios for the year 2015: Ratios Calculation for Woolworth Ltd amount in $ million 2015 Liquidity Ratios: Current Ratio Formula = Current assets/Current Liabilities Current assets 7,660.90 Current liabilities 9,168.60 Current Ratio 0.84 2012 Profitability Ratios: Gross Profit ratio Formula = (Gross profit/ Net sales)*100 Gross profit 16523.60 Net Sales 60868.40 Gross profit margin Ratio 27.15 Net profit margin Formula = (Net profit/ Net sales)*100 Net profit 2137.40 Net profit margin Ratio 3.51 Return on Total Assets Formula = (Net profit/Total Assets)*100 Total Assets 25336.80 Return on Total Assets Ratio 8.44 Return on Equity Formula = (Net income/Shareholders' Equity)*100 Shareholders' Equity 11132.00 Return on Equity Ratio 19.20 2012 Efficiency Ratios Debtors Turnover Formula =Net Sales/total receivables Net Sales 60868.40 Total Debtors 885.20 Debtors Turnover Ratio 68.76 Inventory Turnover Ratio Formula = COGS/Inventory COGS 44344.80 Inventory 4872.20 Inventory Turnover Ratio 9.10 Total assets turnover Formula = Net sales/total assets Net Sales 60868.40 Total assets 25336.80 Total assets turnover Ratio 2.40 Solvency Ratio Debt-Equity ratio Formula = Long-term liabilities/shareholders funds Long-term Liabilities 5,036.20 Shareholders' Funds 11132.00 Debt-Equity ratio 0.45 Evaluation Of The Companys Value Creation IIRC defined Six capitals such as financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social and relationship, and natural, which are used for evaluating the value creation or diminution by the company (Haslam and Sikka, 2016). Financial: In the above section, key financial ratios are calculated to evaluate the financial performance of the company. It is analyzed from the current ratio that short-term liquidity position of the company is not good because there is lack of current assets to meet effectively all short-term obligations (Vemic, 2010). Concurrently, it is analyzed from the profitability ratios that the profitability position of the company is good as there is positive gross profit, net profit, and return on assets and equity ratios. However, it can also be discussed that as the net profit ratio is low (3.51%), there is need to strengthen the current profitability position to retain investors' trust. Additionally, from the efficiency ratios, it is evaluated that the management at Woolworths is efficient to effectively manage receivables, inventories and assets, as these ratios are high for the company (Fabozzi Drake, 2009). At the same time, it is assessed from the interpretation of debt-equity ratio that long-term solvency position of the company is good. It is because the company has fewer long-term debts, which develop its capability to get more funds from the market (Tracy, 2011). Overall, it can be stated that the financial position of the company is good in the year 2015. But, concurrently, it needs to strengthen its short-term solvency and liquidity position to maintain its leading position in the industry. Manufacturing: The company highly invests in buildings, equipments, and infrastructure to ensure the uninterrupted production of goods and services as per customers' expectations (Integrated Reporting, 2013). Intellectual: Woolworth has developed a strong reputation in Australian Market as it is placed number 2 among the top 2000 companies (Woolworths Limited, 2012). It is also evaluated that some of Australia'smost recognisedtrustedbrands are managed by Woolworth. These include 'Countdown, Thomas Dux, Woolworths Petrol, Endeavour Drinks Group, Big W, Masters' Home Improvement, ALH Group (hotels), Woolworths' Money, and EziBuy' (Woolworths Limited, 2012). In addition, it is found that the company developed a new merchandising system with the purpose to get better insights into trading and inventory management as the business perspective is changing towards soft goods (Annual Report, 2015). Human: Woolworth significantly invests in strengthening the organizational human capital. It is assessed that worldwide the company is known for its strong, hard working, down to earth, ethical values, and a responsible culture (Woolworths Limited, 2012). The company employs approx 190,000 plus employees with different experiences, skills, competencies, and capabilities. The employees are highly committed to create great customers' experience as well as ensure firm's long-term business survival (Annual Report, 2015). It is found that the company develops effective people policy, considers ethical values, and provide performance based rewards. All these are beneficial to increase employee motivation, retain them for long-period, and enhance their ability to effectively collaborate and lead the business successfully (Adams, 2015). Social and Relationship: The company strives to be fair, reliable, open, and transparent in everything what it do. It also develops fair and close relationship with customers, business partners, and suppliers (Woolworths Limited, 2012). It is found from the company website that it values its supplier by valuing and working collaboratively with them. In addition, it also considers customers at the core of its business and decision-making, and also respect the communities its serve. Natural The company uses different natural capitals including water, land, and biotic and abiotic assets to ensure the success of its business. In addition, it is also assessed that Woolworth developed a sustainability strategy that improve efficiency of its operations, reduce waste, and save water and other resources (Corporate Responsibility Report, 2015). Thus, it shows that the group work effectively to ensure optimum utilization of natural capital for now and in the future. Overall, it can be stated that all the six capitals create value for the company. Recommendations Based on the above analysis of Woolworth Limited, it can be recommended to the client that it should invest in the company. It is because as the group significantly invests in all the six capitals resulting in the creation of value for Woolworth, it would be beneficial to attain considerable returns from the investment. In addition, it is also found that despite the lower profits in the year 2015, the company provided significant returns to the shareholders. It shows that the company believes to maintain shareholders' trust in the business. At the same time, as Woolworth is Australia's number 2 business with following effective workplace health and safety standards as well as maintain ethical relationship with suppliers, all these show that the investment in this company would be beneficial for the client. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be stated that a company can effectively perform in terms of both financial and non-financial by investing in different capitals including intellectual, human resource, manufactured, natural, social and relationship, and financial. It can also be stated that the investment in Woolworth would be beneficial for the client as the company has potential to create more value and returns for different stakeholders. References Adams, C. (2015). Understanding Integrated Reporting: The Concise Guide to Integrated Thinking and the Future of Corporate Reporting. Do Sustainability. Annual Report (2015). Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/icms_docs/182381_Annual_Report_2015.pdf Corporate Responsibility Report (2015). Retrieved from https://woolworthslimited2015.csr report.com.au/files/Woolworths_CSR_2015.pdf Fabozzi, F.J. Drake, P.P. (2009). Finance: Capital Markets, Financial Management, and Investment Management. USA: John Wiley Sons. Haslam, J. and Sikka, P. (2016). Pioneers of Critical Accounting: A Celebration of the Life of Tony Lowe. Germany: Springer. IBIS World (2016). Woolworths Ltd - Premium Company Report Australia, 2015. Retrieved from https://www.ibisworld.com.au/car/default.aspx?entid=7 Integrating Reporting (2013). Capitals. Retrieved from https://integratedreporting.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/IR-Background-Paper-Capitals.pdf Tracy, J.A. (2011). Accounting For Dummies. USA: John Wiley Sons. Vemic, M.B. (2010). Elaboration of Key Aspects of Financial Planning In Entrepreneurial Endeavours. Economics and Organization, 7(4), pp. 411 421. Woolworth Limited (2015). How we do business. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/How_We_Do_Business/ Woolworth Limited (2015). Our Brands. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Our_Brands/ Woolworth Limited (2015). Strategy and Objective. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Strategy_and_Objectives/