The First Impression Essay Example For Students

The First Impression Essay Read my lips. No new taxes. The well groomed candidate shouted to his audience. The crowd erupted in cheers and for many Americans, this was their first long lasting impression of soon to be, President George Bush. He later went on to sign a bill implementing the second largest tax hike in history. The statement that won him one election lost him the next. The American public made a long term judgment based on The First Impression Essay of this presidential candidate. After the speech, the media took over, promoting Bush, and giving those who did not hear the speech an impression of the candidate. As Americans found out, trusting a first judgment is a dangerous practice, for it does not allow for a clear long term judgment of the person in question. The first impression is influenced by many factors, mainly the physical appearance, ones own past experiences and other peoples judgments. Indeed, first impressions are dangerous, but they are also inevitable, for it is a natural instinct that every person is born with. We will write a custom essay on The First Impression specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Take the classic clich You cannot judge a book by its cover. Not everything is what it seems to be. A young man who was on a quest to find himself decided to do a trek across the United States. When he reached the state of Arizona, he met up with a man in ragged clothes, messy hair and in need of a bath. Still, the young man started up a conversation and found this hobo to be very intellectual and pleasant man despite his appearance. As night approached each went and sought shelter for the night, but before they departed the hobo said You think Im a bum, am I right? Being truthful the young man replied Yes. I am really a millionaire, the hobo confessed, I dress and live this way because I want to be taken for who I am and not my money. The hobo is a prime example of how appearances can be deceiving. While appearance is part of a first impression, so is a persons past. Experiences form the past influence decisions and first impressions of the future. Take for example the convenience store owner that had many problems with teenage boys shoplifting merchandise. He has lost faith in teenage boys and refuses to trust any teenage boy, no matter how honest he is, because to the owner, all teenage boys are shoplifters. This impression that the owner has is dangerous because if customers do not feel trusted in a store, they tend to take their business elsewhere. Another example is the common stereotype of women. More in the past than now people were taught what was a mans work and what was a womans work. This even continued into the 1960-70s where shop class (wood work) was for boys and home economics was for girls. The womans movement that became very radical in the 1960s and 1970s actually started in the late 1800s where women won the right to study medicine in university. It was not until the early 1900s that married women could keep their jobs, and it was not until 1928 that women could compete in the Olympic, breaking the stereotype that women could not be athletic. It was the pre-conceived notions and first impressions that promoted these stereotypes and hindered their achievement. The final thing that controls a persons first impression is their views of others. Many have set impressions on a person without even meeting and getting to know the person. One source of many views and opinion is the media. It seems that whatever the television reports or the editorial says the public seems to follow. On the night that the OJ Simpson Bronco chase was aired the media started to speculate that he was guilty of the Ron Goldman/Nicole Brown murders. .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 , .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .postImageUrl , .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 , .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:hover , .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:visited , .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:active { border:0!important; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:active , .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69 .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6af6ade79ae0d17255726996e1076b69:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hong Kong Sample Essay Instantly the United States, Canada and anywhere else that CNN airs was divided on whether this American football hero committed this hideous crime. Though the entire story was not known, that did not stop the circulation of rumors, accusations and opinions that influenced almost the entire world. First impressions have been around since the beginning of time. Even when Adam met Eve he had some sort of view . The First Impression Essay Example For Students The First Impression Essay The First Impression Essay Read my lips. No new taxes. The well groomed candidate shouted to his audience. The crowd erupted in cheers and for many Americans, this was their first long lasting impression of soon to be, President George Bush. He later went on to sign a bill implementing the second largest tax hike in history. The statement that won him one election lost him the next. The American public made a long term judgment based on the first impression of this presidential candidate. After the speech, the media took over, promoting Bush, and giving those who did not hear the speech an impression of the candidate. As Americans found out, trusting a first judgment is a dangerous practice, for it does not allow for a clear long term judgment of the person in question. The first impression is influenced by many factors, mainly the physical appearance, ones own past experiences and other peoples judgments. Indeed, first impressions are dangerous, but they are also inevitable, for it is a natural instinct that every person is born with. We will write a custom essay on The First Impression specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Take the classic cliche ;You cannot judge a book by its cover.; Not everything is what it seems to be. A young man who was on a quest to find himself decided to do a trek across the United States. When he reached the state of Arizona, he met up with a man in ragged clothes, messy hair and in need of a bath. Still, the young man started up a conversation and found this hobo to be very intellectual and pleasant man despite his appearance. As night approached each went and sought shelter for the night, but before they departed the hobo said ;You think Im a bum, am I right? Being truthful the young man replied Yes. I am really a millionaire, the hobo confessed, I dress and live this way because I want to be taken for who I am and not my money. The hobo is a prime example of how appearances can be deceiving. While appearance is part of a first impression, so is a persons past. Experiences form the past influence decisions and first impressions of the future. Take for example the convenience store owner that had many problems with teenage boys shoplifting merchandise. He has lost faith in teenage boys and refuses to trust any teenage boy, no matter how honest he is, because to the owner, all teenage boys are shoplifters. This impression that the owner has is dangerous because if customers do not feel trusted in a store, they tend to take their business elsewhere. Another example is the common stereotype of women. More in the past than now people were taught what was a mans work and what was a womans work. This even continued into the 1960-70s where shop class (wood work) was for boys and home economics was for girls. The womans movement that became very radical in the 1960s and 1970s actually started in the late 1800s where women won the right to study medicine in university. It was not until the early 1900s that married women could keep their jobs, and it was not until 1928 that women could compete in the Olympic, breaking the stereotype that women could not be athletic. It was the pre-conceived notions and first impressions that promoted these stereotypes and hindered their achievement. The final thing that controls a persons first impression is their views of others. Many have set impressions on a person without even meeting and getting to know the person. One source of many views and opinion is the media. It seems that whatever the television reports or the editorial says the public seems to follow. On the night that the OJ Simpson Bronco chase was aired the media started to speculate that he was guilty of the Ron Goldman/Nicole Brown murders. .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 , .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .postImageUrl , .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 , .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:hover , .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:visited , .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:active { border:0!important; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:active , .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884 .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud97fa87ede8e72f498e3748ab8ac2884:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Many People Are Villainous In The Way They Act, And Their Villainous A Essay Instantly the United States, Canada and anywhere else that CNN airs was divided on whether this American football hero committed this hideous crime. Though the entire story was not known, that did not stop the circulation of rumors, accusations and opinions that influenced almost the entire world. First impressions have been around since the beginning of time. Even when Adam met Eve he had some sort of view of the women with whom he would share the earth with. It is a subconscious act that cannot be controlled, but easily influenced. For as long as humans are opinionated, there will always be the danger of the first impression. . The First Impression Essay Example For Students The First Impression Essay The First Impression Essay Read my lips. No new taxes. The well groomed candidate shouted to his audience. The crowd erupted in cheers and for many Americans, this was their first long lasting impression of soon to be, President George Bush. He later went on to sign a bill implementing the second largest tax hike in history. The statement that won him one election lost him the next. The American public made a long term judgment based on the first impression of this presidential candidate. After the speech, the media took over, promoting Bush, and giving those who did not hear the speech an impression of the candidate. As Americans found out, trusting a first judgment is a dangerous practice, for it does not allow for a clear long term judgment of the person in question. The first impression is influenced by many factors, mainly the physical appearance, ones own past experiences and other peoples judgments. Indeed, first impressions are dangerous, but they are also inevitable, for it is a natural instinct that every person is born with. We will write a custom essay on The First Impression specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Take the classic clich You cannot judge a book by its cover. Not everything is what it seems to be. A young man who was on a quest to find himself decided to do a trek across the United States. When he reached the state of Arizona, he met up with a man in ragged clothes, messy hair and in need of a bath. Still, the young man started up a conversation and found this hobo to be very intellectual and pleasant man despite his appearance. As night approached each went and sought shelter for the night, but before they departed the hobo said You think Im a bum, am I right? Being truthful the young man replied Yes. I am really a millionaire, the hobo confessed, I dress and live this way because I want to be taken for who I am and not my money. The hobo is a prime example of how appearances can be deceiving. While appearance is part of a first impression, so is a persons past. Experiences form the past influence decisions and first impressions of the future. Take for example the convenience store owner that had many problems with teenage boys shoplifting merchandise. He has lost faith in teenage boys and refuses to trust any teenage boy, no matter how honest he is, because to the owner, all teenage boys are shoplifters. This impression that the owner has is dangerous because if customers do not feel trusted in a store, they tend to take their business elsewhere. Another example is the common stereotype of women. More in the past than now people were taught what was a mans work and what was a womans work. This even continued into the 1960-70s where shop class (wood work) was for boys and home economics was for girls. The womans movement that became very radical in the 1960s and 1970s actually started in the late 1800s where women won the right to study medicine in university. It was not until the early 1900s that married women could keep their jobs, and it was not until 1928 that women could compete in the Olympic, breaking the stereotype that women could not be athletic. It was the pre-conceived notions and first impressions that promoted these stereotypes and hindered their achievement. The final thing that controls a persons first impression is their views of others. Many have set impressions on a person without even meeting and getting to know the person. One source of many views and opinion is the media. It seems that whatever the television reports or the editorial says the public seems to follow. On the night that the OJ Simpson Bronco chase was aired the media started to speculate that he was guilty of the Ron Goldman/Nicole Brown murders. .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 , .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .postImageUrl , .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 , .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:hover , .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:visited , .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:active { border:0!important; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:active , .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815 .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u01d600425c6ed23a14d954eee6eb6815:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sitting under the white moonlight, Gazing at the silver stars I await the colorful morning to know my fate Essay Instantly the United States, Canada and anywhere else that CNN airs was divided on whether this American football hero committed this hideous crime. Though the entire story was not known, that did not stop the circulation of rumors, accusations and opinions that influenced almost the entire world. First impressions have been around since the beginning of time. Even when Adam met Eve he had some sort of view of the women with whom he would share the earth with. It is a subconscious act that cannot be controlled, but easily influenced. For as long as humans are opinionated, there will always be the danger of the first impression. English . The First Impression Essay Example For Students The First Impression Essay The First Impression Essay Read my lips. No new taxes. The well groomed candidate shouted to his audience. The crowd erupted in cheers and for many Americans, this was their first long lasting impression of soon to be, President George Bush. He later went on to sign a bill implementing the second largest tax hike in history. The statement that won him one election lost him the next. The American public made a long term judgment based on the first impression of this presidential candidate. After the speech, the media took over, promoting Bush, and giving those who did not hear the speech an impression of the candidate. As Americans found out, trusting a first judgment is a dangerous practice, for it does not allow for a clear long term judgment of the person in question. The first impression is influenced by many factors, mainly the physical appearance, ones own past experiences and other peoples judgments. Indeed, first impressions are dangerous, but they are also inevitable, for it is a natural instinct that every person is born with. We will write a custom essay on The First Impression specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Take the classic clich You cannot judge a book by its cover. Not everything is what it seems to be. A young man who was on a quest to find himself decided to do a trek across the United States. When he reached the state of Arizona, he met up with a man in ragged clothes, messy hair and in need of a bath. Still, the young man started up a conversation and found this hobo to be very intellectual and pleasant man despite his appearance. As night approached each went and sought shelter for the night, but before they departed the hobo said You think Im a bum, am I right? Being truthful the young man replied Yes. I am really a millionaire, the hobo confessed, I dress and live this way because I want to be taken for who I am and not my money. The hobo is a prime example of how appearances can be deceiving. While appearance is part of a first impression, so is a persons past. Experiences form the past influence decisions and first impressions of the future. Take for example the convenience store owner that had many problems with teenage boys shoplifting merchandise. He has lost faith in teenage boys and refuses to trust any teenage boy, no matter how honest he is, because to the owner, all teenage boys are shoplifters. This impression that the owner has is dangerous because if customers do not feel trusted in a store, they tend to take their business elsewhere. Another example is the common stereotype of women. More in the past than now people were taught what was a mans work and what was a womans work. This even continued into the 1960-70s where shop class (wood work) was for boys and home economics was for girls. The womans movement that became very radical in the 1960s and 1970s actually started in the late 1800s where women won the right to study medicine in university. It was not until the early 1900s that married women could keep their jobs, and it was not until 1928 that women could compete in the Olympic, breaking the stereotype that women could not be athletic. It was the pre-conceived notions and first impressions that promoted these stereotypes and hindered their achievement. The final thing that controls a persons first impression is their views of others. Many have set impressions on a person without even meeting and getting to know the person. One source of many views and opinion is the media. It seems that whatever the television reports or the editorial says the public seems to follow. On the night that the OJ Simpson Bronco chase was aired the media started to speculate that he was guilty of the Ron Goldman/Nicole Brown murders. .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b , .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .postImageUrl , .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b , .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:hover , .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:visited , .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:active { border:0!important; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:active , .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf2dddfb10bc49ee4ad7965258bfdb82b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Project Management Essay Instantly the United States, Canada and anywhere else that CNN airs was divided on whether this American football hero committed this hideous crime. Though the entire story was not known, that did not stop the circulation of rumors, accusations and opinions that influenced almost the entire world. First impressions have been around since the beginning of time. Even when Adam met Eve he had some sort of view of the women with whom he would share the earth with. It is a subconscious act that cannot be controlled, but easily influenced. For as long as humans are opinionated, there will always be the danger of the first impression. .

The New York Stock Exchange Essays

The New York Stock Exchange Essays The New York Stock Exchange Paper The New York Stock Exchange Paper Our purpose is to supply you and your company with detailed information, so you can make an educated decision on the stock option you hope to purchase and profit from over the next few years. We have decided to analyze Cedar Fair, LP (NYSE: FUN) and one of its main competitors Walt Disney Co. (NYSE: DIS). When researching, it is vital to use all your resources. We at Walnut Street Securities, Inc. have done extensive investigation so we can bring you the best stock options with the highest profitability and success rate. While looking at Cedar Fair, we will take into consideration that no company is perfect. There might be discrepancies, but we find that it is very important for us to bring you all the facts from every aspect of the company before making a decision on a purchase. Scope We have researched and reviewed the companies background information, financial reports, press releases, stock prices, dividends, competitors, additions and new attractions, and even lawsuits that could influence this company in the stock market. As we look at the background information we will see the progress Cedar Fair has made over the years and the current assets this company possess. We will also see in the financial portion of the report, the effects on revenue, net income, and sales over the last three years. In addition, while looking at the stock and dividend prices you will be able to compare Cedar Fair, LP and Walt Disney, Co. for the highest return rate. The recent press releases and current lawsuits will also give you an insight as to how these companies perform according to the news reports and public opinion. Methodology To research the data enclosed in the report we sent Walnut Street Securities, Inc. representatives to libraries to research financial and company databases and websites. As well, printed sources, such as newspapers and periodicals, were used in the research of this report. Some of the printed sources used were from Standard and Poors 2006 Edition, Americas Most Watched Companies and Mergents, Handbook of Common Stock. Some of the helpful databases and websites we researched were cedarfair. com, disney. com, bigcharts. com, valueline. com, and businesssourcepremier. com. Cedar Fair, LP specializes in entertainment and amusement. Rollercoaster, park rides, water parks, indoor water parks, shows, resorts, games, food, and souvenirs is what this company offers to the public. As the NYSE ticker symbol suggests (FUN) is what Cedar Fair is all about. Cedar Fair since commencing operations in 1983, has accumulated twelve properties, seven amusement parks, and five water parks. Cedar Point located on Lake Erie, between Cleveland and Toledo, OH, serves a total market area of about 26 million people. Knotts Berry Farms, Los Angeles, CA, serves more than 20 million people. Dorney Park and Wild Water Kingdom in Allentown, PA serves 35 million people. Geauga Lake and Wild Water Kingdom located near Cleveland, serves around 7 million people and Michigans Adventure in Muskegon, MI serves the area of about 5 million people. (Annual Report, 2) The five water parks are located near San Diego, Palm Springs, and also accompany Knotts Berry Farms, Worlds of Fun, and Cedar Point. Cedar Fair also owns and operates Castaway Bay indoor water park and resort in Sandusky, OH. (Annual Report, 2) In 1991, Cedar Fair consisted of only two parks with combined attendance of only 4. 1 million people a year and $128 million in revenues. Recently, attendance has reached over 12. 7 million people a year and maintains revenues of $520 million. This is about a 3% increase from the previous year. (www. valueline. com) Four years after commencing operations, in 1987, Cedar Fair, LP became publicly traded in the New York Stock Exchange.

A List of Arguments For and Against Zoos

A List of Arguments For and Against Zoos Not all animal rights activists love animals. Some respect them because they understand animals have a place in the world. Zoos, especially the ones that are doing everything right, present a special challenge to the animal-loving advocates because they would like to see and interact with the animals. Zoos and Animal Rights Zoo advocates argue that they save endangered species and educate the public, but many  animal rights activists believe the costs outweigh the benefits, and the violation of the rights of the individual animals is unjustifiable. Roadside zoos, petting zoos, and smaller animal exhibitors tend to offer inadequate space for the animals, keeping them in pens or cages. Sometimes, barren concrete and metal bars are all a tiger or bear will know for their entire lives. Larger, accredited zoos try to distance themselves from these operations by touting how well the animals are treated, but to animal rights activists, the issue not how well the animals are treated, but whether we have a right to confine them for our amusement or education. grass-lifeisgood / Getty Images Arguments For Zoos By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of the animals. This exposure and education motivate people to protect the animals.Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators.Many zoos also have breeding programs for endangered species. In the wild, these individuals might have trouble finding mates and breeding.Reputable zoos are accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and are held to high standards for the treatment of the animals. According to the AZA, accreditation means, official recognition and approval of a zoo or aquarium by a group of experts.A good zoo provides an enriched habitat in which the animals are never bored, are well cared for, and have plenty of space.Zoos are a tradition, and a visit to a zoo is a wholesome, family activity.Seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experienc e than seeing that animal in a nature documentary. Some would argue that humans have little, if any duty to non-human animals because humans are more important, and if keeping animals in zoos serves any educational or entertainment purposes, it serves a purpose to the humans, even if that purpose is not beneficial for the animals.Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.Both accredited and unaccredited animal exhibitors are regulated by the federal Animal Welfare Act, which establishes standards for care. Long Zhiyong / Getty Images Arguments Against Zoos From an animal rights standpoint, we do not have a right to breed, capture and confine other animals, even if they are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesnt mean the individual animals have fewer rights.Animals in captivity suffer from stress, boredom, and confinement. Intergenerational bonds are broken when individuals get sold or traded to other zoos, and no pen or even drive-through safari can compare to the freedom of the wild.Baby animals bring in visitors and money, but this incentive to breed new baby animals leads to overpopulation. Surplus animals are sold not only to other zoos, but also to circuses, canned hunting facilities, and even for slaughter.Some zoos just kill their surplus animal outright.The vast majority of captive breeding programs do not release animals back into the wild. The offspring are forever part of the chain of zoos, circuses, petting zoos, and exotic pet trade that buy, sell and barter animals among themselves and exploit animals. Ned the Asian elephant was born at an accredited zoo, but later confiscated from an abusive circus trainer and finally sent to a sanctuary. Removing individuals from the wild will further endanger the wild population because the remaining individuals will be less genetically diverse and will have more difficulty finding mates.If people want to see wild animals in real life, they can observe wildlife in the wild or visit a sanctuary. A true sanctuary does not buy, sell, or breed animals, but takes in unwanted exotic pets, surplus animals from zoos or injured wildlife that can no longer survive in the wild.If zoos are teaching children anything, its that imprisoning animals for our own entertainment is acceptable.The argument that children will have more compassion animals they can see life does not hold water. Not one of todays children has ever seen a dinosaur, yet kids are crazy about them.At least one study has shown that elephants kept in zoos do not live as long as elephants in the wild.The federal Animal Welfare Act establishes only the most minimal standards for cage size, shelter, health care, ventilation, fencing , food, and water. For example, enclosures must provide sufficient space to allow each animal to make normal postural and social adjustments with adequate freedom of movement. Inadequate space may be indicated by evidence of malnutrition, poor condition, debility, stress, or abnormal behavior patterns. Violations often result in a slap on the wrist and the exhibitor is given a deadline to correct the violation. Even a long history of inadequate care and AWA violations, such as the history of Tony the Truck Stop Tiger, will not free the animals. Sanctuaries also rehabilitate wildlife and take in unwanted exotic pets, without breeding, buying and selling animals like zoos do.Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. There have even been incidents of zoo animals eating other zoo animals. In the case of zoos, both sides will argue that their side saves animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for zoos, they will continue to exist. We can start by making sure that zoo conditions are the best possible for the animals who are confined to them.

Trying times for President Clinton during the sex sandal with monica Term Paper

Trying times for President Clinton during the sex sandal with monica lewinsky - Term Paper Example The impeachment of the former president came as a result of the scandal and a law suit that was filled by Paula Jones (Neal, 2005:135). This served as the second impeachment of a president in power in the United States of America after the impeachment of the former president Andrew Johnson in the year 1868 (Neal, 2005:136). When the impeachment proceedings were brought forward against the president in 1998 several issues were raised against the governmental processes. While some scholars took the matter lightly, others argued that sexual conduct is a serious offense and is adequate to remove an elected president from the office. Those in support of the president argued that president just like any citizen of the United States have the right to privacy. They also stated that many other former presidents like John F. Kennedy, Roosevelt as well as Warren G. Harding had been linked to extensive extramarital sexual activity but their sexual conduct was not made available to the public. As observed by Chapman (2010: 99), the European observers were surprised that Americans engaged in impeachment proceedings against Bill Clinton because he lied about his sexual conduct. In their argument, they stated that just like any citizen of America would avoid the truth about his sexual fidelity and so Bill Clinton will. In the impeachment case against Clinton, separation of power prevailed through the proceedings. In this context, the act of not telling the truth with respect to the sexual misconduct does not constitute enough evidences necessary for impeachable offenses as defined by the constitution of the country as â€Å"high crimes and misdemeanors† (Chapman, 2010:99). In this argument therefore, the impeachment against the president seemed partisan and was seen as an attempt by the legislature to extend its powers and responsibility past the boundary. According to Chapman (2010:100), the charges that the former president faced were not worth impeachment because the y did not grow from the failure of the president with regard to the state functions. However, the failure was from his personal life which is different from his public and political life. These differences in arguments divided the legislature and there was a clear boundary in terms of opinions between the republicans and the democrats. The question of what could constitute impeachment against a president had dominated the list of issues during Clinton’s administration. However, the fact that congress was dominated by the Republicans presented a threat to the former president since the issue had taken political angle dividing the house into pro and against impeachment camps. It is this time that the congress dominated by Republicans appointed a counsel to investigate the financial backgrounds of the president (Kogan & Kelso, 2009: 308). The counsel which was headed by Kenneth Starr was given further responsibilities to investigate the scandal surrounding the former president a nd the white house intern, Monica Lewinsky. In close analysis of the unfolding events, it is clear that the push for the investigations and the impeachment of the former president was more political than legal. This is because the political enemies took the opportunity finish him politically. The trouble began when it became apparent that the intern, Monica had told

Effects of Ergonomics and Health and Safety on Employee Productivity Dissertation

Effects of Ergonomics and Health and Safety on Employee Productivity in Hotels - Dissertation Example Many have had to reduce costs drastically. One of the highest costs for any employer is staffing and a reduction in staff numbers has become unavoidable. With a reduced number of employees and a larger work load, a high level of labour productivity is essential. Some may argue that the level of productivity from an employee depends on their attitude towards the job, the job rewards, and the way in which a manager motivates the employee, all of which have been proven to be true. But today, employers are under more pressure to ensure the maximum level of productivity is achieved which creates the need for new ways to achieve this. Fraser, 1994, makes the point that the level of work productivity depends on basic human abilities, enhanced by education, training, selection, and direction. Education and training transform an individual’s basic abilities into skills. Selection and direction ensure that these skills are matched to the most appropriate tasks. But if the tasks, the wor king environment and job factors are not suited to the worker, the resulting mismatch can lead to poor work quality, worker fatigue, and reduced productivity. Traditionally, projects focusing on the improvement of the working environment were based on energy-saving. ... Productivity can be defined as â€Å"output to the labour hours used in the production of that output† (Bureau of Labour Statistics). In more simplified terms it is a measurement of work produced in a given time. Attention to productivity levels is particularly important in Ireland as the cost of labour is very high in comparison to other countries. Hotel managers must ensure that the high rate of pay is justified. An emphasis on productivity in hotels over the past few years with the economic decline has meant that employees have had to work harder and some employees have lost their jobs. An article by James R. Brown of Cornell University suggests that a hotel's size, its service orientation, its ownership arrangement, and its management arrangement affect productivity. His research found that large hotels use their labour more productively and generate the most income from their capital investments. Upscale hotels are inclined to be more productive than mid-market hotels, wh ile hotels operated by branded management companies use their capital and labour resources more efficiently than do hotels operated independently or by independent management companies. Finally, company owned properties tend to employ their labour more productively than do franchised hotels. (Brown, 1999). Currently hotels in Ireland are focusing on reducing labour costs while maintaining sales. Concentrating on the reduction of labour costs as a percentage of sales may achieve short term productivity targets but can also jeopardise long term viability due to the erosion of service standards. Poor service affects customer satisfaction, which in turn influences sales and productivity, thereby creating a cycle of poor productivity. (Kimes, 2001). Measuring

Inquiry learning Essay Example for Free

Inquiry learning Essay Introduction Discovery learning or Inquiry Learning has a long history in education and has regained popularity over the last decade as a result of changes in the field of education that put more emphasis on the role of the learner in the learning process. Zachos, Hick, Doane, and Sargent define discovery learning as â€Å"the self-attained grasp of a phenomenon through building and testing concepts as a result of inquiry of the phenomenon. † The definition emphasizes that it is the learner who builds concepts, that the concepts need to be tested, and that building and testing of concepts are part of the inquiry of the phenomenon. Computer simulations have rich potential to provide learners with opportunities to build and test concepts, and learning with these computer simulations is also referred to as simulation-based discovery learning (Lester, Vicari, Paraguacu, 2004). Students engaged in discussions – raising questions, resting ideas, challenging each other’s assertions – is at the heart of inquiry learning. Such discussions enable students to go beyond hands-on activities to interpret and reflect on their experiences and develop new ways of thinking. Reflecting their understanding of inquiry learning, the originators of network science aimed to have students in distant classrooms use the network to discuss science with one another like collaborating scientists (Feldman, 2000). Literature Review The main goal of discovery learning activity is to obtain and/or construct knowledge about a domain by performing experiments and inferring rules and properties of the domain from the results of those experiments. Research on discovery learning has shown that learners can experience a range of problems that can prevent successful learning. Discovery learning requires learners to act in the same manner as scientist when discovering the properties and relations of the domain that is simulated, using processes that are very similar to the processes of scientific discovery. Learners need to generate hypotheses, design experiments, predict their outcome, interpret data and reconsider hypotheses in order to construct knowledge about the domain. With each of these learning processes, problems can arise. Learners can fail to state testable hypotheses, design uninformative experiments or interpret experimental results badly (Gauthier, Frasson, VanLehn, 2000). In order to make discovery learning successful, learners can be supported from within the learning environment. The learning environment can contain cognitive tools that can be directed at the support of one or more learning processes. Cognitive tools can offer support to the learner in several ways of support, creating a learning dialogue between the learning environment and the learner and at establishing the conditions under which profitable learning processes takes place. Cognitive tools play a role in supporting and provoking these learning processes (Gauthier et al. , 2000; McTighe Wiggins, 2005). Like in discovery learning, the idea of simulation-based discovery learning is that the learner actively engages in a process. In an unguided simulation-based discovery environment learners have to set their own learning goals. At the same time they have to find and apply the methods that help to achieve these goals, which is not always easy. Two main goals can be associated with simulation-based discovery learning; development of knowledge about the domain of discovery, and development of skills that facilitate development of knowledge about the domain (Lester, Vicari, Paraguacu, 2004). Those who read Guthrie, Cornford, Allen, and Bluck, among others, will find there what we might call the â€Å"traditional view. † According to this view, the paradox is a dilemma about one’s epistemic resources at the outset of inquiry and the role those resources play at the inquiry’s conclusion. The alternatives that the dilemma proposes are beginning with 1) total, explicit knowledge or 2) absolute ignorance. The doctrine of recollection provides the solution with its proposal that all inquiry begins with something intermediate between 1) and 2): latent, unconscious, or implicit knowledge. When these commentators speak of â€Å"total knowledge,† they seem to have in mind â€Å"self-consciously clear† or â€Å"conscious† knowledge (Anton Preus, 1989). There are three points to be borne in mind in any discussion on learning by discovery. First, what is involved primarily is the learning of facts, concepts and principles rather than skills, techniques or sensitivities; and the subjects most relevant to discovery learning are mathematics, science and environmental studies. Second, it is usually associated with the traditional classroom, and third learning by discovery does not just happen; it comes about as a result of a particular teaching method or strategy. Numerous strategies can be distinguished in this connection; perhaps the most common one to be found is that of guided discovery (Manion, Morrison, Cohen, 2004). Discovery or Inquiry must ultimately in the history of the race precede instruction; for if it’s this teacher who teaches from someone else who learned it from another teacher that cannot go back indefinitely. Somewhere in the knowledge that we pass on in the process of teaching, someone must have discovered it for himself. so we see, first of all, that learning by discovery is primary (Loucks-Horsley Olson, 2000). Learning by instruction is secondary. And if this is so then we also see that teachers are, in an absolute sense, dispensable. For nothings which can be learned by instruction with teachers is impossible to learn without teachers. I don’t mean teachers aren’t useful; they are. For most of us would not be able to learn without the help of teachers or learn as rapidly or learn as easily the things we have to come to know in the course of our lifetime. But I do not mean that teachers are only helps. And this understanding of the teacher as an aid, as something which helps in the process of learning, is the deepest insight into the nature of teaching in relation to learning (Adler, 2000). Learning by instruction, learning with the help of teachers is no less active than learning by discovery or inquiry. Perhaps it would be better then, instead of saying learning by instruction and learning by discovery, to call them both learning by discovery; learning with a teacher as â€Å"aided discovery† and learning without a teacher, as â€Å"unaided discovery (Adler, 2000). Analysis Many network science projects have not lived up to their potential to involve students in productive inquiry. Firstly, the network science model of curriculum typically constraints classrooms by imposing rigid schedules for data submission and exchanges. The low level of completion for many network science projects – which, was less than 50% of classes in one project submitting data – may reflect teacher’s inability to fit the real lives of their classrooms, punctuated by school events and holidays and snowstorms, into the schedule demands of many network science projects (Feldman, 2000). Aiming to coordinate work among classes, many network science projects are constrained by centralized schedules. To refocus science learning on inquiry, teachers and students need flexible schedules to allow questions to be pursued in greater depth. Without such flexibility, the potential of the curriculum to support student inquiry is greatly diminished (Feldman, 2000). Secondly, network science encourages the use of scientific and social problems to spark learning, focusing on the importance of investigating questions for which the answer is not known. However, this emphasis on questions for which the answer is not known and the questions are of genuine interest to scientists excludes the possibility of students investigating concepts that may be well known to scientist but no longer of interest to them. Because such concepts are still unknown to students and potentially of great interest, they offer a scientific excursion through which students can reliably have successful and powerful learning experiences. For example, students might investigate phenomena as simple as why some objects float – a topic that is unlikely to be of any interest to scientists (Feldman, 2000). Inquiry learning, under appropriate conditions, is highly desirable; an elaborate pattern of ideas must be built up in a child’s head and only the child can built it; it is the teacher’s job to help the child to build up this elaborate structure of interrelated ideas, and to help the child correct the structure of interrelated ideas, and to help the child correct the structure whenever it is found to be in error (Solomon, 1988). By means of discovery learning we may reasonably expect children to learn something new; and to do so through some initiative of their own. Moreover, a teacher supports a child’s self-chosen activity with questions, commentary and suggestions (Manion et al. , 2004). Conclusion In this paper, we presented a view on combining collaborative learning and the discovery learning. The aim was to show how we can benefit from theoretical knowledge on discovery learning to enhance the added value that collaboration can have and, vice versa, how collaboration in itself can serve as support for the processes of discovery that learners can engage in. Mutual gain can be created from combining collaborative and discovery learning by increasing the mutual awareness in tools supporting either type of learning. Adding knowledge about discovery to collaborative tools can enhance collaborative tools to adapt themselves or give feedback on their contents. On the other hand, collaborative processes take the role of cognitive tools for discovery learning in making learning processes explicit. Of course the examples given in the paper are only a small part of what become possible combining two powerful paradigms of learning (Gauthier et al., 2000). In the latter part of the paper we show how a theory of discovery learning can help to design architecture for communicative support for discovery learning. A central place is taken by a common frame of reference that supports the communication between the different components in the architecture (Gauthier et al. , 2000). References: Adler, M. J. (2000). How to Think About the Great Ideas: From the Great Books of Western Civilization. Chicago and La Salle: Open Court Publishing. Anton, J. P. , Preus, A. (1989). Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy: Plato. New York: SUNY Press. Feldman, A. (2000). Network Science, a Decade Later: The Internet and Classroom Learning. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Gauthier, G. , Frasson, C. , VanLehn, K. (2000). Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Germany: Springer. Lester, J. C. , Vicari, R. M. , Paraguacu, F. (2004). Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Berlin Heidelberg, NY: Springer. Loucks-Horsley, S. , Olson, S. (2000). Inquiry and the National Science Education Standards: A Guide for Teaching and Learning. Washington DC: National Academies Press. Manion, L. , Morrison, K. R. B. , Cohen, L. (2004). A Guide to Teaching Practice. London and New York: RoutledgeFalmer. McTighe, J. , Wiggins, G. P. (2005). Understanding by Design. Virginia USA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Solomon, C. (1988). Computer Environments for Children: A Reflection on Theories of Learning and Education. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: MIT Press.

causes of life :: essays research papers

For biologists, x-ray crystallography has always been a tricky technology. Harder than getting a good beam was growing large crystals of biological molecules-a task that's been compared to building regular structures from wiggly bits of Jello. Today, synchrotron light from facilities such as Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source may make it possible to use protein crystals as small as 50 microns (50 millionths of a meter) in length. The crystals themselves may also become easier to grow, thanks to a unique robotic system designed and built by Joseph Jaklevic, head of Engineering Sciences, and his colleagues in the Engineering Division's Bioinstrumentation Department. "The idea for a high-throughput combinatorial approach to crystal growth came from Peter Schultz," says Jaklevic. "The basic idea is that, instead of having to plod through all the hundreds of ways you might get a protein to crystallize, you more or less try 'em all at once." Schultz pioneered combinatorial methods as a member of the Lab's Materials Sciences Division; he recently became head of the Novartis Institute for Functional Genomics in La Jolla, California. He and his colleague Raymond Stevens of the Lab's Physical Biosciences Division saw the combinatorial approach as a natural solution to the challenge of growing protein crystals. That's because "biologists really have no idea what the best conditions are for growing crystals of a new protein," says Derek Yegian, a member of the team that built the new robotic system. "Different proteins precipitate out of solution and grow at different rates-or don't grow at all-depending on the solution's acidity, temperature, concentrations of salts, and lots of other variables. " The innovative robot above, designed and built by Joe Jaklevic and his colleagues in the Engineering Division's Bioinstrumentation Department, can automatically grow crystals of a novel protein by screening 480 different growth solutions at once. Only the very purest proteins will crystallize, and pure protein is expensive; even common commercial proteins can cost hundreds of dollars a gram. Often hundreds of combinations of variables must be tried before a novel protein can be crystallized from solution. Most trial solutions are prepared by hand at the rate of about 30 an hour, typically requiring one to 10 microliters of pure protein for 50 to 100 "coarse-screening" trials; whether a particular solution yields a crystal is apparent only days or weeks later. "Manual methods are slow and error-prone," says Yegian, and although some steps have been automated within the past few years, "commercial robots are not much better.

Pay for Payment

The Missouri Computational Company MCC, founded in 1952, is a very successful American company. It develops, produces, and sells medium- and large-size computers. The company currently operates as a multinational corporation in North and South America, Europe, Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Middle East. Sales activities are regionally structured. The factories are in St. Louis and Newark (NJ); the most important research activities take place in St. Louis. Production, R & D, personnel and finance are coordinated at the American head office. https://donemyessay.com/numbers-101-900-spanish-1-lopez/Business units handle the regional sales responsibilities. This decentralized structure does have to observe certain centralized limitations regarding logs, letter types, types of products, and financial criteria. Standardization of labor conditions, function classification, and personnel planning is coordinated centrally, whereas hiring is done by the regional branches. Each regional branch has its own personnel and finance departments. The management meets every two weeks, and this week is focusing on globalization issues. Internationalization Mr. Johnson paid extra attention in the management meeting.As vice-president of human resources worldwide he could be facing serious problems. Management recognizes that the spirit of globalization is becoming more active every day. Not only do the clients have more international demands, but production facilities need to be set up in more and more countries. This morning a new logo was introduced to symbolize the worldwide image of the company. The next item on the agenda was a worldwide marketing plan. Mr. Smith, the CEO, saw a chance to bring forward what his MBA taught him to be universally applicable management tools.In addition to global images and marketing, he saw global production, finance, and human-resources management as supporting the international breakthrough. Johnson’s hair started to rise as he listened to his colleague’s presentation. â€Å"The organization worldwide should be flatter. An excellent technique for this would be to follow the project approach that has been so successful in the USA. † Johnson’s question about the acceptance of this approach in southern Europe and South America was brushed aside with a short reply regarding the extra time that would be allotted to introduce it in hese cultures. The generous allocation of six months would be provided to make even the most unwilling culture understand and appr eciate the beauty of shorter lines of communication. Finally, all of this would be supported by a sthrong pay-for-performance system so that, in addition to more effective structures, the employees would also be directed towards the right goals. Johnson’s last try to introduce a more â€Å"human† side to the discussion concerning the implementation of the techniques and ppolicy instruments was useless. The finance manager, Mr.Finley, expressed the opinion of the entire management team: â€Å"We know that cultural differences are decreasing with the increasing reach of the media. We should be world leaders and create a future environment that is a microcosm of Missouri. † Mr. Johnson frowned at the prospect of next week’s international meeting in Europe. (p. 15-16) Background: Missouri Computational Company Since the late 1970s MCC has been operating in more than 20 countries. As its foreign sales have grown, top management has become increasingly concerne d about international coordination.Overseas growth, while robust, has been unpredictable. The company has therefore decided to coordinate the processes of measuring and rewarding achievement worldwide. Greater consistency in managing country operations is also on the agenda. There is not a complete disregard for national differences; the general manager worked in Germany for five years, and the marketing manager spent seven years in the Singapore operation. It has been agreed to introduce a number of ppolicy principles which will permeate MCC plants worldwide.He CEO envisages a shareable definition of â€Å"How we do things in MCC† to let everyone in MCC, wherever they are in the world, know what the company stands for. Within this, there will be centrally coordinated policies for human resources, sales, and marketing. This would benefit customers since they, too, are internationalizing in many cases. They need to know that MCC could provide high levels of service and effecti veness to their businesses, which increasingly cross borders. MCC needs to achieve consistent, recognizable standards regardless of the country in which it is operation.There is already a history of standardizing policies. The Reward System Two years ago, confronted with heavy competition, the company decided to use a more differentiated reward system for the personnel who sold and serviced mid-size computers. One of the reasons was to see whether the motivation of the American sales force could be increased. In addition, the company became aware that the best sales people often left the firm for better-paying competitors. They decided on a two-year trial with the 15 active sales people in the St. Louis area. Experiment with Pay-for-PerformanceThe experiment consisted of the following elements: †¢ A bonus was introduced which depended on the turnover figures each quarter for each sales person: 100% over salary for the top sales person; 60% for the second best; 30% for numbers t hree and four; and no bonus for the remainder. †¢ The basic salary of all sales people of mid-size computers was decreased by 10%. During the first year of the trial period there were continuous discussions among the affected employees. Five sales people left the company because they were convinced the system treated them unjustly. Total sales did not increase as a result of all this.Despite this disaster, management continued the experiment because they believed that this kind of change was necessary and would take time to be accepted. Pay-for-performance in Sweden: Universalism vs. Particularism MCC has recently acquired a small but successful Swedish software company. Its head founded it three years ago with his son Carl and was joined by his newly graduated daughter Clara and his youngest son Peter 12 months ago. Since the acquisition, MCC has injected considerable capital and also given the company its own computer distribution and servicing in Sweden.This has given a real boost to the business. MCC is now convinced that rewards for sales people must reflect the increasing competition in the market. It has decreed that at least 30% of remuneration must depend on individual performance. At the beginning of this year Carl married a very rich wife. The mmarriage is happy and this has had an effect on his sales record. He will easily earn the 30% bonus, though this will be small in relation to his total income, supplemented by his wife’s and by his share of the acquisition payment. Peter has a less happy mmarriage and much less money.His only average sales figures will mean that his income will be reduced when he can ill afford it. Clara, who married while still in school, has two children and this year lost her husband in an air crash. This tragic event caused her to have a weak sales year. At the international sales conference, national MCC managers present their salary and bonus ranges. The head of the Swedish company believes that performance should be rewarded and that favoritism should be avoided; he has many non-family members in his company. Yet he knows that unusual circumstances in the lives of his children have made this contest anything but fair.The rewards withheld will hurt more deeply than the rewards bestowed will motivate. He tries to explain the situation to the American HR chief and the British representative, who both look skeptical and talk about excuses. He accedes to their demands. His colleagues from France, Italy, and the Middle East, who all know the situation, stare in disbelief. They would have backed him on the issue. Members of his family later say they feel let down. This was not what they joined the company for. (pp. 30-32) Meeting in Milan: Individualism vs. Communitarianism During a meeting in Milan, Mr.Johnson presented ideas for the payment scheme to motivate the sales force. He became annoyed at the way these meetings were always run and decided to introduce guidelines on how all future m eetings should be conducted. He did not like the Singaporean and African representatives always turning up in groups. They should, he said, confine themselves to one representative only, please. And could Mr. Sin from Singapore make sure that his boss was always represented by the same person and not different people on each occasion? These suggestions were not very popular among some of the managers. Mr.Sin, Mr. Nuere from Nigeria and Mr. Calamier from France wanted to know the reasons for these comments. Mr. Sin asked why, since different issues were on the agenda, they should not have different representatives knowledgeable on the various items. The discussion was going nowhere and, after an hour had passed, Mr. Johnson suggested it be put to a vote, confident that most of his European managers would back him But this, too, proved controversial. Mr. Calamier threw up his hands and said he was â€Å"shocked that on such a sensitive and important issue you seek to impose this deci sion upon a minority. He said there really should be a consensus on this even if it took another hour. Mr. Sin agreed that â€Å"voting should be saved for trivial questions. † Johnson looked to the German and Scandinavian representatives for support, but to his surprise, they agreed that consensus should be given more of a chance. He was too frustrated to respond to the Dutch manager’s suggestion that they should vote on whether to vote. Finally, the Nigerians recommended that, at the very least, discussion and/or voting should be postponed until the next meeting.How else were those present supposed to solicit the views of their colleagues in their home offices? Wearily, Mr. Johnson agreed. Further discussions about the reward system would have to wait too. (pp. 60-61) Mr. Johnson finally managed to compromise on the representation issue by allowing each national office to send up to three people, if they wished, but no more. This decision had not been voted on. Every one agreed. Now he could start to tackle the introduction of pay-for-performance, bonuses, and merit pay for next year. He started, as usual, with an overview of the situation in the USA.It had been three years since the system was first introduced. In general, he explained, they could detect a link between the use of this system and computer sales, although it had to be mentioned that a ssimilar system had failed miserably in the manufacturing department. A different type of achievement-based reward system was currently being tested. No problems were anticipated with this revised system. â€Å"In summary,† Johnson said, â€Å"we are sthrongly convinced that we need to introduce this system worldwide. † The northwest European representatives voiced their carefully considered, but positive, comments.Then the Italian representative, Mr. Gialli, began describing his experience with the system. In his country, the pay-for-performance experiment did much better than he had expected during the first three months. But the following three months were disastrous. Sales were dramatically lower for the salesperson who had performed the best during the previous period. â€Å"After many discussions,† he continued, â€Å"I finally discovered what was happening. The salesperson who received the bonus for the previous period felt guilty in front of the others and tried extremely hard the next quarter not to earn a bonus. The Italian manager coincluded that, for the next year of this experiment, the Italian market should be divided into nine regions. All sales representatives within one region should be allowed to allocate the bonus earned in their region either to individual performers or to share it equally. The blunt Dutch manager’s reaction was: â€Å"I have never heard such a crazy idea. † (P. 63) The Italians’ Reaction: Affective versus Emotion-Neutral Cultures Raising his voice, Mr. Pauli, Gialli’s colleague, asked: â₠¬Å"What do you mean, a crazy idea? We have carefully considered the pros and cons, and consider that it would greatly benefit the buyer. â€Å"Please, don’t get over-excited,† pleaded Mr. Johnson. â€Å"We need to provide solid arguments and should not get side-tracked by emotional irrelevancies. † Before Bergman had a chance to explain why he thought it was a crazy idea, the two Italian colleagues left the room for a time-out. â€Å"This is what I call a typical Italian reaction,† Mr. Bergman remarked to his colleagues. â€Å"Before I even had a chance to give my arguments as to why I think the idea is crazy, they walk out. † The other managers were squirming uncomfortably in their chairs. They did not know what to think.Mr. Johnson got up and left the room to talk to the Italians. (p. 72) Understanding Cultural Differences: Diffuse versus Specific Roles As the representative from head office, Mr. Johnson felt very responsible for the developments at the meeting. The Italians’ behavior seemed strange to him. Mr. Bergman just wanted to discuss an important aspect of the consistency of the reward system, and they had not even given him a chance to explain his position. Moreover the Italians had refused to put any solid arguments on the table themselves. When Johnson entered Mr.Gialli’s room he said: â€Å"Paolo, what’s the problem? You shouldn’t take this too seriously. It’s just a business discussion. † â€Å"Just a business discussion? † Gialli asked with unconcealed rage. â€Å"This has nothing to do with a business discussion. It is typical for that Dutchman to attack us. We have our own ways of being effective, and then he calls us crazy. † â€Å"I didn’t hear that,† Johnson said. â€Å"He simply said that he found your group bonus idea crazy. I know Bergman and he didn’t intend that to refer to you. † â€Å"If that’s so, answered Gialli, â€Å"why is he behaving so rudely?Johnson realized how deeply his Italian colleagues had been offended. He went back to Bergman, took him aside, and told him about his conversation with Gialli. â€Å"Offended! † said Berman. â€Å"Let them have the self-control to respond to professional arguments. I don’t understand why they are so hot-headed anyway. They know we have done extensive research on this. Let them listen first. You have to remember that these Latins never want to be bothered with facts. † (p. 86) Mr. Munoz Mediates: How We Accord Status The Italian managers were far from assuaged.One even referred unpleasantly to â€Å"the American cult of youth: mere boys who think they know everything. † So when the Spanish HR manager, Mr. Munoz, offered to mediate, Johnson readily agreed. It occurred to him that Spanish culture might be closer to Italian culture, apart from the fact that Munoz was some 20 years his senior, so could hardly be accu sed of inexperience. While hopeful that Munoz might succeed, Johnson was astonished to see him bring the Italians back into the conference room in minutes. Munoz was not, in Johnson’s view, the most professional of HR managers, but he was clearly expert at mending fences.It was at once apparen't, however, that Munoz was now backing the Italians’ call for modifications to the pay-for-performance plan. The problem as he saw it, and the Italians agreed, was that under the current plan winning salespeople were going to earn more than their bosses. Subordinates, they believed, should not be allowed to undermine their superiors in this way. Mr. Munoz explained that back in Spain his sales force would probably simply refuse to embarrass a boss like this; or perhaps one or two, lacking in loyalty to the organization, might, in which case they would humiliate their boss into resignation.Furthermore, since the sales manager was largely responsible for the above-average performan ce of his team, was it not odd, to say the least, that the company would be rewarding everyone except the leader? The meeting broke for lunch, for which Johnson had little appetite. (p. 106) After Lunch: Attitudes Toward Time At 1:50 p. m. most participants returned to the meeting room. At 2:05 p. m. Johnson started pacing restlessly up and down. Munoz and Gialli were still down the hall making telephone calls. They came in at 2:20 p. m.Johnson said, â€Å"Now, gentlemen, can we finally start the meeting. † The Singaporean and African representatives looked puzzled. They thought the meeting had already started. The first point on the agenda was the time intervals determining bonuses and merits. All except the American, Dutch, and other northwest European representatives complained that these were far too frequent. To Johnson and his Dutch and Scandinavian colleagues, the frequency was obviously right. â€Å"Rewards must closely follow the behavior they are intended to reinfo rce; otherwise, you lose the connection. The manager from Singapore responded, â€Å"Possibly, but this go-for-the-quick-buck philosophy has been losing us customers. They don’t like the pressure we put on at the end of the quarter. They want our representatives to serve them, not to have private agendas. We need to keep our customers long-term, not push them into buying so that one salesperson can beat a rival. † (pp. 133-4) Facing change: Inner and Outer Directed Mr. Djawa from Indonesia then raised two objections to Mr. Johnson regarding the pay-for-performance approach. â€Å"It does not work in our sales territories.It leads to customers being overloaded with products they never wanted and do not need. Furthermore, when things are not going well for our people, it is a mistake to hurry them or blame them. There are good times and bad times. Paying them for performance does not change inevitable trends† This did not impress Johnson and his Western colleagues . â€Å"We want to develop something at HQ that will motivate everyone. Are you saying that linking reward to success has no influence at all? Surely you must agree there is some connection. † Mr. Djawa replied, â€Å"It certainly has effects, but these tend to be swamped by economic booms and busts.As the flamingo twists its head round to look at Alice, the hoops wander off, and the balls crawl away. The result is chaos. â€Å"Other cultures aren’t part of a machine, or the organs of a supra-natural body. They’re different animals, all with logic of their own. If we asked them what game they are playing, and got them to explain the rules, we might discover that we aren’t holding a mallet at all, or we might even get the hedgehog to go in the right direction. † Trompenaars, F. , ; Hampden Turner, C. (1998). Riding the waves of culture: Understanding cultural diversity in global business. New York: McGraw Hill.

Is an Invitation to Treat an Offer Essay

An invitation to treat is an action inviting other parties to make an offer to form a contract. These actions may sometimes appear to be offers them, and the difference can sometimes be difficult to determine. The distinction is important because accepting an offer creates a binding contract while â€Å"accepting† an invitation to treat is actually making an offer. Advertisements are usually invitations to treat, which allows sellers to refuse to sell products at prices mistakenly marked. Advertisements can also be considered offers in some specific cases. A proposal or an offer must be distinguished from an invitation to treat. It is provided in section 2(a) of the Contracts Act 1950 which states that a proposal is made when â€Å"one person signifies to another his willingness to do or abstain from doing something with a view to obtaining the assent to that other for such an act or abstinence†. A proposal can be accepted and it amounts to an agreement. If the agreement is breached, it can be a breached of contract. A proposal can either be made to a particular person or to the general public. The person who is making the offer is the offeror whereas the person who is accepting the offer is the offeree. As for invitation to treat, the Contracts Act does not provide any provision respecting this aspect of contract. An invitation to treat is not a proposal but it is a preliminary communication between the parties at the stage of negotiation, for instance, a price display of goods with price tags in the self-service supermarket or an advertisement. This is applied in Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemist Ltd [1953] 1 QB 401 HELD: that the display was only an invitation to treat and a proposal to buy was made when the customer placed the article in the basket and takes them to the cashier’s desk. Therefore, the shop owners had not made an unlawful sale. An invitation to treat cannot be accepted because it is not an offer therefore it does not amount to an agreement and there cannot be a breached of contract. Whenever there is a unilateral arrangement, there will be an offer and where there is a bilateral arrangement, that situation will give rise to an invitation to treat. An advertisement could be either an offer or an invitation to treat, depends on the intention of the parties in the case. In the case of Majumder v Attorney General of Sarawak (1967) 1 MLJ 101. HELD: That an advertisement in the newspaper for the post of a doctor was not an offer but merely an invitation to treat. Auctions are sometimes invitations to treat which allows the seller to accept bids and choose which to accept. However, if the seller states that there is no reserve price or the reserve price has been met, the auction will be considered an offer accepted by the highest bidder. An Invitation to treat will be anything that is displayed to a large number of people with an undefined way of choosing who can accept. An offer will be directed at a specific person with specified terms. So if an item is displayed saying it will be sold to the highest bidder or to the first to accept the labeled price, it will be considered an offer. As per Payne v Cave case (1789) 3 Term Rep 148; 100 ER:- The defendant made the highest bid and withdrew it before the fall of the hammer. HELD: That the bid itself constituted the proposal or the offer which the auctioneer was free to accept by the fall of the hammer or to reject it. Since the bid was withdrawn before the fall of the hammer there was no contract between parties. Offer’s can sometimes get confused with an Invitation to treat’. It is important not to get the two confused as there are different rules regarding both. An example of an invitation to treat would be an item on display with a price label in a shop window. This is an invitation to open negotiations with a view to forming a contract; in other words, it can be seen by anyone that happens to walk past the shop at the time of the window display. As per related case Fisher v Bell (1961) 1 QB 394 CA. The defendant was charged with offering for sale a flick knife in his shop-window which against the law. HELD: it is perfectly clear that according to the ordinary law of contract the display of an article with a price on it in a shop window is merely an invitation to treat. It is no sense an offer for sale the acceptance of which constitutes a contract.

Free Essays on Mcarthyism

McCarthyism and its Effects on America McCarthyism not only destroyed the lives and careers of many Americans but also the innocent image of the country. Senator Joe McCarthy from Wisconsin was the same as any man. But when he cried Communism the world seemed to listen. Following the Cold War between Russia and the United States there came many hardships, such as unemployment and high inflation. These hardships produced a restless society. The society then looked for something or someone to blame (Fried, 39). They found someone to blame. Communists. Throughout the country there was a witch hunt known as the Red Scare. A basic idea was formed: Communism was evil. Anyone who participated in such evil was considered illegitimate and were to be excluded from such things as sharing ideas, and jobs (Reeves, 136). This fear of Communism or anti-Communism as it was called could be described as a type of "virus." When all was calm in America the virus would fade, but the moment a crisis struc k, the virus came back stronger than ever (Feuerlicht, 35). Communism was a threat not only for countries overseas but a threat for America and its people. It was a threat on the American way of life, a bruise on the phrase "the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." (Feuerlicht, 45) And McCarthy helped spread this fear. McCarthy and his ways challenged the Bill of Rights. "When free speech or due process are denied to any individual everyone’s rights are jeopardized. Today’s oppressors may become tomorrow’s accursed group." (Feuerlicht, 154) And nothing is guaranteed more than the destruction of America when the freedoms promised by the Bill of Rights are denied (Feuerlicht, 154). McCarthy installed a fear in the people. But people feared tremendously the loss of their jobs. They feared that their political afflictions would reflect on their job status (Reeves, 99). By trying to keep America from becoming a Communist nation, McCarthy a... Free Essays on Mcarthyism Free Essays on Mcarthyism McCarthyism and its Effects on America McCarthyism not only destroyed the lives and careers of many Americans but also the innocent image of the country. Senator Joe McCarthy from Wisconsin was the same as any man. But when he cried Communism the world seemed to listen. Following the Cold War between Russia and the United States there came many hardships, such as unemployment and high inflation. These hardships produced a restless society. The society then looked for something or someone to blame (Fried, 39). They found someone to blame. Communists. Throughout the country there was a witch hunt known as the Red Scare. A basic idea was formed: Communism was evil. Anyone who participated in such evil was considered illegitimate and were to be excluded from such things as sharing ideas, and jobs (Reeves, 136). This fear of Communism or anti-Communism as it was called could be described as a type of "virus." When all was calm in America the virus would fade, but the moment a crisis struc k, the virus came back stronger than ever (Feuerlicht, 35). Communism was a threat not only for countries overseas but a threat for America and its people. It was a threat on the American way of life, a bruise on the phrase "the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." (Feuerlicht, 45) And McCarthy helped spread this fear. McCarthy and his ways challenged the Bill of Rights. "When free speech or due process are denied to any individual everyone’s rights are jeopardized. Today’s oppressors may become tomorrow’s accursed group." (Feuerlicht, 154) And nothing is guaranteed more than the destruction of America when the freedoms promised by the Bill of Rights are denied (Feuerlicht, 154). McCarthy installed a fear in the people. But people feared tremendously the loss of their jobs. They feared that their political afflictions would reflect on their job status (Reeves, 99). By trying to keep America from becoming a Communist nation, McCarthy a...

Call for a Blanket Ban on the Sale and Marketing of Cigarettes in the Essay

Call for a Blanket Ban on the Sale and Marketing of Cigarettes in the US - Essay Example People in the developed world and especially in the United States of America today approach the concept of health with an enhanced dedication and commitment. The food habits, lifestyles orientations and nutritional preferences are indeed altering in consonance with the guidelines and information available regarding health and healthcare. People today well understand that choosing a healthy lifestyle not only adds to the longevity, but also enables a person to be more productive and positive. However, relinquishing bad habits and making new choices does not seem easy when one intrudes into the area of addictive substances like tobacco. Moreover, the consumption of addictive substances like tobacco being legally valid and acceptable, most of the times people fail to realize that are the victims of a vicious addiction, which has the potential to take their life and to make them seriously sick. Considering this fact, the Federal Government should out with a law envisaging a pan-American ban on the sale and marketing of cigarettes and other tobacco products so as to reduce the healthcare costs, to save human lives and eventually to give way to a healthy and progressive society. The proposal for the coming into existence of such a law is not merely an emotive appeal, but is as much based on the existing data and information regarding the health implications of smoking. It goes without saying that to call for a blanket ban by the Federal government; it would be really pragmatic and reasonable to cull out the data from the existing government institutions and organizations regarding the mortality potential of smoking. As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, â€Å"More deaths are caused each year by tobacco use than by all deaths from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, suicides, and murders combined (Online).† Also, smoking tobacco in any form are it cigarettes, cigars or pipe, has been found to considerably enhance the chance of dying from cancers of larynx, oral cavity, esophagus and lungs (CDC: Online). Cigarette smoking is responsible for one in every five deaths in the United States of America (CDC: Online). Cigarette smoking claims 443,000 lives every ear out of which 49,000 deaths are attributed to exposure to second hand smoke (CDC: Online). Men smoking cigarettes are 10 times more likely to die of bronchitis and emphysema and are 22 times more vulnerable to lung cancer (CDC: Online). The magnitude of the loss to human resources in the United States of America by cigarette smoking gets amply clear when one considers the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s claims that, â€Å"An estimated 46 million people, or 20.6 percent of all adults (aged 18 years and older), in the United States smoke cigarettes (Online).† Considering these figures one could also estimate the burden on the national and local healthcare systems that could be traced direct ly to cigarette smoking. So, when the government bodies are themselves aware of the health consequences of cigarette smoking on the nation’s population, considering the statistics provided by them, the Federal government should not have a problem or excuse regarding coming out with a blanket ban on the sale and marketing of cigarettes. In the

MGT302 - Org. Behavior and Teamwork CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MGT302 - Org. Behavior and Teamwork CA - Essay Example Personal projects, failed projects, successful projects are all celebrated and well received within the company (Jarvis). The culture adopted within the company clearly uses all the possible initiatives and opportunities to be innovative and also to develop something new each day. Google is clearly more focused on the invention of newer products and is also focused on improving and innovating each day and hence the company clearly follows a culture which is innovative, challenging and also a new adventure each day (Anthony). Google’s Culture and Specific Factors: With the intensive competition that is presently found in the markets, Google approach is clearly among the best and most effective. Here the company’s approach has clearly been based on the external elements like the competition, competitive advantage, changing needs of the customers, changing approach and outlook of the customers (Nussbaum). However apart from the above, one of the key factors that is the cau se of the company’s culture is clearly the need for innovativeness. Google has been recognized to be a new age company and has been found to be open to change as well as open to new and fresh ideas (Mayer). These factors together have formed and developed the new age company and have also led to the immense success of Google (The Google Legacy). Google’s Culture and Performance: Google’s culture is clearly the main reason for the successful performance of the company. The culture that has been developed within the company has been present from the start and this has been followed from the start (Girard). The company’s flexible approach and genuine focus on employees has led the employees to be more motivated and also focused on the job. The company has focused not only on the monetary needs of the employees but also on the personal needs at times like the maternity leaves, paternity leaves and several other similar cases. This flexible approach as well as the respect and equal treatment that the company provides to all of the employees are the cause for this high performance (Hamen). Here although the company does not specify the professional behavior, the mutual respect and the commitment of the employers is clearly the cause for the employees to behave and also commit themselves to the company to a greater extent. It would be incorrect and untrue to say that the company follows the particular culture due to the success (Mayer). The company has clearly developed and every individual has worked hard to bring the company to the current position. It is the strong culture and bond among the employees and employers and also the flexible work structure that has clearly been the cause for the company’s success (Anthony). Protecting the Culture: As clearly been noted in the case, the company unlike other companies does not punish employees in case of losses. The company is open to making mistakes and taking risks, as long as people contribute to the growth and attempts of the company. As explained in the case, â€Å"...(Larry Page) would rather run a company where people are moving quickly and doing too much, as opposed to being too cautious and doing too little. This attitude toward acting fast and accepting the cost of resulting mistakes as a natural consequence of moving fast...†