Marketing Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Promoting - Dissertation Example 110). While this is increasingly articulated abroad, as France and Germany have been appeared in an examination to pay attention to corporate stewardship more than do Americans, Americans despite everything accept that corporate obligation is significant †â€Å"a late study of somewhere in the range of 2500 Americans found that 36 percent guaranteed they genuinely viewed as a company’s corporate citizenship when concluding whether to purchase its products† (Paine, 2003, p. 110). Besides, if an enterprise does activities that are objected to †say, it is uncovered that the organization conducts pointless and pitiless tests on creatures †this damages the reality, and can prompt blacklists, which are a PR bad dream and can prompt a genuine dunk in buyers purchasing its items (Paine, 2003, p. 110). The motivation behind why I picked this subject is on the grounds that creature testing, particularly when the testing isn't fundamental for progressions for human wellbeing, just like the case with beauty care products testing, is one that rouses a lot of enthusiasm on either side of the inquiry, and is a significant component of corporate social duty. For certain individuals, any sort of creature testing ought to be verboten, regardless of whether the testing is done in light of a legitimate concern for discovering human fixes. For other people, creature testing probably won't be an issue on the grounds that, all things considered, they are â€Å"just animals.† For still others, specific sorts of creature testing may be adequate, particularly if the testing would prompt a clinical fix, while different kinds of testing, for example, testing in regards to beautifying agents, would not be satisfactory. How every one of these gatherings see this component of corporate social obligation would be the focal point of the request. C. Points and Objectives The points of this task will be to find the sentiments of individuals from each of the th ree of the above gatherings with regards to specific organizations that utilization creature testing. Do they purchase from organizations that utilization creature testing? If not, why not? Provided that this is true, why? Maybe an energetic creature supporter may purchase items from a restorative organization that creature tests †what may clarify this incongruence? Additionally, I am keen on finding if organizations that don't test on creatures accentuate this reality in the promoting efforts. In conclusion, I am keen on discovering how these crusades influence buyers, and whether shoppers are more averse to purchase from organizations that are known to test on creatures, and bound to purchase from organizations that tout the way that they don't test on creatures. D. Introductory Literature Review One of the inquiries that is of intrigue is the reason a few people care more about basic entitlements than do others. The motivation behind why this is a significant inquiry is on t he grounds that it can answer why certain purchasers won't accepting items from restorative organizations that utilization creature testing, while others couldn't care less in any case. Unti and Rowan (2001) hypothesize that youth mentalities represents who has more sympathy for creatures than others (Unti and Rowan, 2001, p. 27). Different speculations express that the worry from creatures goes to a worry for the mistreated (Unti and Rowan, 2001, p. 27). With regards to the subject of whether organizations underline their corporate social duty, there is some sign that they don't (Blyth, 2003, p. 16). With respect to the inquiry regarding how corporate flighty practices, for example, creature testing, influence buyers, it is valuable to look at how shoppers respond to other corporate social flippant

Online Library Management System Essay

1. Presentation: Definite plan begins after the framework stage and framework has been ensured through the audit. The objective of this stage is to create interior rationale of every one of the modules distinguished during framework structure In the framework plan, the center is a recognizing the modules, though during the point by point structure the attention is on planning the rationale for the modules. As such in framework structure consideration is on what segments are required, while in the nitty gritty plan how the segment can be actualized in the product is the issue. The plan procedure for programming framework has two occasions. At the main level spotlight is on choosing which modules are required for the framework, the determination of these modules and how the modules ought to be interconnected. This is called framework plan or top level structure. In the detail of the module can be fulfilled is chosen. This plan level is regularly called point by point structure or rationale structure, in light of the fact that the nitty gritty plan is augmentation of framework plan, framework configuration controls the major auxiliary qualities of the framework. The framework configuration has a significant effect testability and modifiability of a framework and effects its proficiency a great part of the structure endeavors for the planning programming are spent making the framework plan. 2. Pertinent reports: The point by point configuration alludes the framework archives thus the principal application records here is framework plan, likewise we are alluding the information structure. Henceforth second application report here is database structure 3. Structure of programming bundle: The product bundle comprises of following useful segments. * Functional segment 1: Registration. * Functional segment 2: Book issue. * Functional segment 3: Book return. * Functional segment 4: Search/see book subtleties. * Functional segment 5: Update book subtleties. * Functional part 6: Payment (Fine). 3.1 Structure outlines: It is illustrations portrayal of the control rationale of preparing capacity or module portrayal of the framework. It is one of the most widely recognized techniques utilized for framework structure. In a structure diagrams each program module is spoken to by a square shape box, modules at the top degree of the structure graphs call the modules at the lower level. The association between particular are spoken to by lines between the rectangular boxes. The association portrays the information streams between the called and calling modules. 4. Module Decomposition: 4.1 Student subtleties: In this structure the clients need to enter the insights regarding the understudy like name, regno, course†¦etc. In the event that the best possible subtleties are not entered simultaneously mistake message will be shown and record won't be stored†¦And on the off chance that the entered register number is as of now exist, at that point the subtleties can’t be put away and blunder message will be shown. 4.2 Delete understudy subtleties: For this situation administrator can erase singular understudy subtleties by entering his register number .If the Register no isn't entered at same time message will be shown and record won't be stored†¦And in the event that the entered number is as of now erased, at that point it will be giving the message. 4.3 Book issue: In this structure the Liberian can give the books to the understudy. On the off chance that the books are as of now disseminated to understudies, at that point Liberian can’t issue those specific books. 4.4 Book return: Here the client must profit the book for given date†¦ Otherwise fine will be calculated†¦ 4.5 Calculate fine: For this situation we can keep up the late fine of library part who return the gave book after the due date†¦

Features of power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Highlights of intensity - Essay Example or Everyone will be similarly as it seemed to be, attracting on to the topics of Modern boredom or the acclaimed Eliot line In the room the ladies travel every which way/Talking of Michelangelo. The fatigue is with a squandered life where the Victorian or Aristocratic request turns into a hoax. The incredible burden of a hold of natural cycles brimming with debauched otherworldly customs in Chekhov, and the apparition of the Victorian request presenting intense mental and scholarly repercussions in Nora's imprints themood of Ibsen's play. The setting of intensity in Ibsen's play is increasingly fast approaching since it inside and out mocks the Victorian conjugal set-up and the sort of intensity connection is shared between a spouse and his better half. It subverted the possibility of the 'blessed messenger in the house'. The play mocks the defenselessness of Victorian ladies, monetarily and legitimately subordinate their spouses and were viewed as lawful property of her better half. Her property or riches also had a place with her significant other. There was next to no budgetary freedom she was not expected to acquire for her own living. This man centric burden was covered behind a thought of positive attitude. The chilly reasonability of Torvald Helmer and his patronozing disposition towards Nora is incredibly well-suited in giving the record of the sort of intensity and chain of command he connects with to help Nora content with a figment about her home and life. Her eating macaroons and lying about them are simpl y shallow trades that have more noteworthy ideological practices at play behind them. Torvald is the molding power who must instruct, guide, salvage and counsel Nora under the reason of sentimental love which has no premise in anything separated for in making and reestablishing an order where he should seem to speak to more noteworthy experience, information, mind or more all altruism. His appearance covers a profound narrow-mindedness (for his own respectability) when he will not oblige his adored Nora by declining to allow in Krogstad. There is an incredible urge working inside Torvald to control appearances inside his family unit and with his relationship. The revelation about her genuine self rises just when Torvald misses the mark regarding his job as a defender. Krogstad's coercion uncovers the opposite side of Nora. It gives her insight for business, and the distress to keep up the norm of her unsatisfactory life. She understands that his consistent fun loving tone with her, training demeanor connote Torvald's genuine desires out of her. She is never his equivalent, sharing his scholarly comanionship. She is another design in the Doll's house, with a hindered mental life. Nora questions the ownership of power and scholarly force allowed to her in any event, for bringing up her youngsters. She was along these lines not imperative in her substance. Nora has carried on with a deprecatory life just to fit in with a perfect that doesn't exist and says: I have been performing stunts for you, Torvald. Nora turns into an individual with a more noteworthy reason. Her beliefs about parenthood assume a lower priority when she understands that she is repelled by the religion and the law and fits no place. Torvald's urgent supplication to make Nora acknowledge her jobs was a woeful endeavor to mollify her uncovers his bad faith. Picking trustworthiness over affection turns into a significant inquiry when Nora picks the earlier along these lines setting up that Torva ld's self-centeredness to keep up his own honesty even to the detriment of their marriage

The Country Wife- Contextual Section Essay Example for Free

The Country Wife-Contextual Section Essay William Wycherley composed The Country Wife in 1675 during the Restoration Period in England. He was conceived in 1641 at Clive Hall close Shrewsbury to an affluent family, and he was instructed in France where he burned through the greater part of his childhood. When Charles II was reestablished, he came back to England to learn at Oxford, and afterward turned into a fine, stylish man of his word in London, of solid scholarly force. There he had the option to watch the perspectives and activities of correspondingly comprised social gatherings, whom would later be the premise of his plays. The Country Wife is a Restoration Comedy as it was composed during the forty years after the reclamation of King Charles II to the English position of royalty. He had a specific energy for the theater, and its advancement during this period was to a great extent down to him. The common war in 1642-the Puritan Revolution-had seen his dad Charles I decapitated and Oliver Cromwell become the pioneer of England. This eighteen-year time frame the interregnum-saw the puritans debilitate and in the end totally boycott show, because of its associations with the government and its unethical non-puritan esteems. In the wake of King Charles II was reestablished and in this way theater, there was a general inclination of joy and opportunity in the nation. Individuals were keen on living it up after the extensive stretch of drudgery, along these lines expanding the notoriety of theater. The plays themselves were substantially more sprightly contrasted with the Elizabethan and Jacobean plays that they had continued, provoking the presentation of the Comedy of Manners. Individuals needed to snicker. There were other immense contrasts to how English Theater was pre 1642. There were apparatus permitting articles to fly and move, and there was moveable view allowing plays to be partitioned into scenes. This helped parody of habits creations like The Country Wife to make a feeling of misleading by permitting characters to cover up and make various doorways and exits for instance. In any case, the best change was that ladies were permitted on the stage. This was an oddity and plays were then ready to utilize their sex bid and coquettishness to incorporate raunchier storylines, for example, Horner and his numerous triumphs in The Country Wife. Entertainers talked the introduction and epilog, to engage the crowd into commendation and they built up a sexual trade with them. A considerable lot of the on-screen characters entered the calling as orange merchants, and their ability as on-screen characters was addressed because of their continuous contacts with the gentry, including the King and Samuel Pepys. This is the place the sexual implications of oranges in The Country Wife start.

MIT Outing Club Ice Climbing

MIT Outing Club Ice Climbing A critical factor in getting outdoors is having something to do, and for most people, they go through a rotation as the year goes round and temperatures and conditions rise and fall. For me, summer and fall mean rock climbing, and winter and spring mean skiing. But Ive become more and more interested in adding a few new winter sports to the mix, and the one Ive had my eye on the most is ice climbing. If you want the technical definition of ice climbing, I dont know it. But a laymans definition might be something like trying to get up cold vertical stuff using axes and crampons and an assortment of other tools, just like climbing makes use of your hands and feet to get up not-that-cold vertical stuff. The gist of it is you swing these ice axes up over your head, sinking them into an ice sheet deep enough for you to support yourself on, and kicking spikes on your feet into that same ice sheet to stand on. Climbing is a motion somewhat like climbing a ladder: Hang on left arm, place right foot, stand on right foot, place right arm, hang on right arm, place left foot, remove left arm, remove right foot, stand on left foot, place left arm, and repeat. (If thats not how you climb a ladder.well I dont know what to tell you. But thats what it look like to me.) The nuts part comes due to the fact that your covered in sharp objects in the freezing cold, trying to manage your temperature, and that ice is not just ice the world around. What youre looking for is plastic ice. The sort of stuff thats just the right mix so that your tools sink in without breaking the stuff, but its not so soft that they pop out. But as temperatures change, and layers of ice build up, sometimes the good stuff is buried beneath a layer of rotten ice, which is really brittle and doesnt like to be hit with the sharp point of an axe (hey, cant blame it. I dont either). So how do you tell the difference? You cant really. Its a lot of feel and intuition, so you take a swing and sometimes it sinks in, other times it sends ice chunks sailing into your face, or onto your belayer(more on that in a second). And to add to the confusion, it changes from day to day and even through the course of the day. And sometimes even solid swings in plastic ice have a tendency to pop off. Just the nature of it. You may wonder how on earth someone is supposed to do something productive with so many unknown variables (I call this engineers cripple: (n) the illusion of inability to proceed or decide without more data to resolve uncertainty). Well you just do, and it doesnt seem to bother ice climbers very much. But theres ample reason to suspect anyone whos willing and in fact seeking out the opportunity to venture out into the bitter cold to place themselves on sheer vertical surfaces for fun may in fact be insane. Luckily, there are a surprising number of insane people at MIT, and a subset of them are of the ice climbing variety, so opportunity knocked and I answered with my pack and boots. We left Saturday evening to get to the MITOC cabin (Camelot) up in NH for the night, so that we could get an early start the next morning. When we got to the cabin, it was a balmy 0F outside, and by early morning Ive been told it dropped as low as -8F. Looked like we were going to be in for quite a bit colder than the forecasted low of 18. But thankfully by the time we hiked up to the crag in Rumney, being in the sun warmed us up, and it turned out to be a nice day. I managed to put together this video of the place we were climbing, and some of my first ascents in ice. Hope you enjoy it! (take a close look at 3:47, when I knock off a sizable chunk of ice that hits my belayer square in the head. Thats why you wear a helmet!)

The Crush A Psychoanalytical Look at Araby - Literature Essay Samples

Probably no other twentieth century short story has called forth more attention than Joyces Araby. Some universality of experience makes the story interesting to readers of all ages, for they respond instinctively to an experience that could have been their own. The story suggests the stormy period of adolescence that we have all lived through and the reader sympathizes with the protagonist as he experiences his first crush. In his brief but complex story, James Joyce employs imagery and symbolism to reveal the blind obsession and compulsive behavior characteristic of a boy in the throes of his first crush.The nameless protagonist of Araby is a pre-teen boy living in Dublin, Ireland. His life is a simple one of school and play until the sister of one of his playmates enthralls him. He lovingly studies her and notes how her dress [swings] as she moves her body and longs to touch the soft rope of her hair (753). These sensual images hint at the obsessive feelings to come. Soon, she is all he is capable of thinking about. The image of her accompanies him even in places the most hostile to romance: the market and the streets, among the drunken men and bargaining women, amid the curses of labourers, the shrill litanies of shop-boys (754). His fixation on her is absolute. He imagines that his feelings for her are a chalice and that he bore it safely through a throng of foes (754). His feelings are so immediate and profound that he states that his eyes were often full of tears and he could not tell why. As his obsessionprogresses, he finds that he is unable to speak to her and that even her name provokes an adrenaline rush: her name was like a summons to all my foolish blood (754). He loses interest in school, as he cannot cease his obsessive thoughts of her: her image came between me and the page I strove to read. By night, he shuts himself in a room and gives himself over to the vision of her so completely that he feels he is about to pass out. To keep from losing c onsciousness, it is the thought of her he calls upon as he murmurs O love! O love! over and over (754). These images as well as the sensuous descriptions of the girl show that he is clearly obsessed with her.This obsession fosters behavior from the boy that can only be called compulsive. The boy admits to lying on the floor in the front parlor every morning watching her door (753). When she appears on the doorstep, his compulsive behavior is validated at the sight of her, which makes his heart leap (753). He follows her to school each morning and he feels at ease only because he has kept her brown figure always in [his] eye (753). In one instance, his compulsion to watch and follow her every morning is thwarted by his uncle. Because his uncle happens to be in the hall where he normally waits for the girl to appear, he is unable to carry out his compulsion. This throws off the habitual order of his day and he leaves the house in bad humour with a doubtful heart. That evening, instead of playing with his friends, he stands at the window and stares at her house. In the fashion characteristic of one who is obsessed, he loses track of time in his compulsive thoughts of her. He says, I may have stood there for an hour, seeing nothing but the brown-clad figure cast by my imagination (755). Though he is obsessed with the girl and is compelled to watch her and think of her at all times, what he feels for her is beyond his understanding. His love for the girl is part sexual desire, part sacred adoration. He is, he says, confused (754).The protagonist is blind to the fact that his strong feelings are nothing more than theobsessive thoughts that accompany a crush. Throughout the story, the author makes use of blind imagery that is symbolic of the boys self-deception. From the very first paragraph, the author hints at the boys blindness. The road he lives on is blind, with a blind end and the street where he plays is a dark muddy lane by dark dripping gardens and dark odor ous stables (753). The time of year also adds to the sense of the darkness of closed eyes since during winter dusk fell before we had eaten our dinners (753).Archetypically, in order for the boy to prove his love for the girl, he must go on a quest. The boy, in his only conversation with the object of his affection, impulsively offers to go to Araby, the bazaar that she wishes she could visit. He promises to bring her something and is convinced that this token will validate his feelings for her and that she will be impressed by the gesture. Upon arrival at Araby he finds the bazaar nearly empty. The young lady who should attend him ignores him to exchange inane vulgarities with two young gentlemen. Suddenly from the trivialities here the boy experiences an epiphany, a sudden showing forth in which his mind is flooded with light, with truth. He can see the parallel that exists between the girl here and his girl; he can see that all of his obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions hav e brought him to this empty bazaar, at ten oclock at night and he realizes his feeling for her for what it is: physical attraction.The boy is struck by the triviality of his feelings. He realizes that he was blinded to this insignificance by his obsessive-compulsive behavior. Through his epiphany, he is able to mature and move past his first crush with the knowledge that it was only through journeying into the dark that he was finally able to see the light.

Sexual Harassment And Gender Inequality - 2146 Words

Social inequality is a pressing issue in society today. It is a problem that is embedded deeply in society and has a harmful and negative impact. It creates an uneven distribution of resources and opportunities in society thereby causing people to be marginalized. There are many categories associated with social inequality. Examples include race, ethnicity, age, gender, power and social class. This paper will examine gender inequality in society. Using an article from the Toronto Star, I will focus on sexual harassment as an issue of gender inequality in the workplace and the impact it has had on the self-esteem as well as opportunities and achievements of women. Gender Inequality can be defined as the unequal treatment and prejudice of a person on the basis of sex and gender roles. Sexual harassment is further defined as any unwelcome sexual advances, request for sexual favours of verbal, gestural or physical nature and with objectionable overtones which cause discomfort, humiliati on, fear or anger (I.L.O, 1958). Gender Inequality is mostly affected by women. In the workplace, schools, political positions and even in families, women are seen as the inferior sex. In Canadian history, it was not until the 1900s women were given equal rights to vote and the 1920s before a woman was elected in parliament. (Smith, 2011) This is to show that gender discrimination has been embedded in society for a very long time and although laws have been made to make sure males and females areShow MoreRelated Gender and Power in the Workplace Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesGender and Power in the Workplace This essay is an analysis of contemporary issues associated with gender and power in the workplace; which will specifically include a discussion of gender relations, stereotyping, women’s identity, the structuring of formal and informal power, sources of inequality, and sexual harassment. The concept of gender in relation to the division of labor in the workplace, and in relation to issues of power and control is an unfortunate, groundless stereotype. SuzanneRead MoreThe Inequality Between Men And Women Based Solely On Gender1025 Words   |  5 Pagesthe inequality between men and women based solely on gender. This dilemma is one that occurs across every continent and has been the subject of many riots, protests, and discussions since the early centuries. Gender inequality can happen in any setting, time, and place. However, gender inequality is highly likely inside the workplace. Many employers discriminate against woman and sometimes then do not even know that what they are saying or doing is considered discrimination. Gender inequality in theRead MoreGender Based Violence Against Women1428 Words   |  6 PagesGender-based violence is only one of the many inequality problems that women face within our society. In the midst of this problem something that becomes m ore infuriating is the fact that it most often happens at the hands of friends, loved ones, and family members who find a way to justify the abuse and/or put the blame back on the victim. Gender-based violence against women is commonly seen as both a consequence and a cause of gender inequality (mainstream domestic, 194). In this paper, gender-basedRead MoreGender-Based Violence. Gender-Based Violence Is Only One1438 Words   |  6 PagesGender-Based Violence Gender-based violence is only one of the many inequality problems that women face within our society. In the midst of this problem something that becomes more infuriating is the fact that it most often happens at the hands of friends, loved ones, and family members who find a way to justify the abuse and/or put the blame back on the victim. Gender-based violence against women is commonly seen as both a consequence and a cause of gender inequality (Walby, Towers, Francis, 2014Read MoreThe Status of Women in India in the Past, Present and Future Essays1157 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION The issue of gender inequality is one which has been publicly reverberating through society for years. Gender inequality is one of the most serious ethical issues in India today. 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Through examining gender-based inequalities in the public and in the workplace and this essay aims to visit some of the unfrequented borders of sexual violence, and to translate their effects on our society through t he theme of differences and divisions. Sociologists assert that an individual’s sex can have significant disparity to their gender. Sex is defined by biological means including an individual’s anatomy that has been assigned

Cubism, Orphism And Futurism Share A Common Language,...

The early 20th century in Europe was a time of rapid change. Modern art movements explored new ways of communicating this new modern condition – what is was like to live in an environment that was advancing and developing with incrediable speed . Dynamism became a means for the artists of the time to communicate what has been termed the modern condition. Cubism, Orphism and Futurism share a common language, Dynamism. Dynamism is a mechanism for communicating a sense of change or movement.. Artists also invested their own emotions of what they were experiencing through the use of dynamism. Viewers can understand that there was an excitement, anxiety and uncertainty associated with living this bustling, changing society. The movements reflected societies appreciation and interest in freedom of movement in art across Europe prior World War One. People were immensely excited by speed, technology and new forms of transport and communication. They all felt the world around them was begining to quickly change. The artists of the time employed dynamism in their works to express this rapid movement. Cubism responded to the world changing at a revoulutionary speed dynamically communicated through abstract art. Cubists disregarded traditonal ways of portraying a subject, and instead broke down the subject matter into scattered shapes and objects. According to Spain’s National Museum of Art, â€Å"Cubism demonstrated conclusively that the experience of moderity was bound to a dynamic and

Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesnt

Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesn't What to Expect From Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples? Unnecessary words and incomplete sentences ought to be rectified to create the essay look professional. You may also talk about the paragraphs separately or divide the job into sections. Introductory paragraph always sets the tone of the whole essay, so it must include all the key ideas you're likely to discuss. Each individual paragraph should concentrate on a particular part of the thesis. Having coped with this kind of issue, you might proceed to work on the principal paragraphs. The primary aim of the body paragraphs is to fully demonstrate the thesis statement. If you opt to analyze rhetorical appeals, then you are going to have to organize every one of them into a different body paragraph. The Unseen major character appears to be tormented. The Fight Against Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples Therefore, the conclusion proves that the author of the original work was effective and successful by utilizing the technique. Before writing an analysis, the author should recognize the significance of the info gathered and review the information to comprehend the sort of rhetorical strategies the author applied to get the intended function. The introduction usually starts out with some type of background info. It should highlight the main ideas of your rhetorical analysis so that the audience has an idea of what to expect. Restatement of the main points may also involve a concise explanation of the importance of the rhetorical strategies utilized in the work under analysis. Information alluded in conclusion needs to be brief. The examples provided here are intentionally diverse so they supply you with an assortment of significant points. If you would like to make sure your essay is completed according to all the requirements, you will certainly require assistance of a rhetorical analysis example. It would be vital that you echo the introduction at the conclusion of the analysis. Watch out for any odds of further studies on the topic In the ending of a rhetorical analysis essay, you also need to give readers a tiny details about any upcoming research to be done on the topic of analysis. All the above mentioned rhetorical analysis examples utilize a frequent way of analysis called the SOAPSTone Method. The Foolproof Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples Strategy For example, a rhetorical analysis essay assignment will require that you explain the numerous tools of rhetoric utilized by the author in an effort to alter the minds of his audience. The thesis statement should analyze the method by which the author utilized his techniques to accomplish his objective. As an issue of fact, a rhetorical essay is really st raightforward. Therefore, an analytical essay is a bit of writing that supplies an informative observation about the particular topic or idea. You've got to reveal the end result of the author's speech and its impact. An amazing conclusion explains the way the speech impacts the audience. Since you may see, it isn't essential for the author to be a professional in the field you consider, but it's always fantastic to demonstrate he or she indeed has a say. In addition, the author's language is examined to identify its potency in making an appropriate atmosphere and having a strong effect on readers. After considering all big facets of the job, it is the right time to proceed to the outline. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you find yourself getting an excellent grade. Gladness purpose is to convince the overall population that social media is much less dang errors to the status quo as a lot of people are lead to trust. To pass the program, you should scrutinize the subject and know about the rhetorical ways. Top Ap Rhetorical Analysis Essay Samples Secrets It is always recommended that y ou understand how to compose a rhetorical analysis essay conclusion as a way to deliver a strong ending to the paper. It's still true that you have to read some helpful information about how to compose a rhetorical analysis essay. Well, a rhetorical analysis essay is quite much like that with a tiny exception, obviously. Clearly, writing an essay on this issue of marijuana is too general. Following are a couple of sample rhetorical analysis essays on some critical topics you can benefit from. This essay examples will put the info above into perspective. The following are a few of the key guidelines on how best to compose a rhetorical analysis essay for AP English. Listed here are key guidelines about how to compose a rhetorical analysis essay conclusion.

Essay on The Tell Tale Heart - 655 Words

The Insane Killer One of Edgar Allan Poe’s most terrifying tales is â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart†. Poe’s life was tragic because many of the women that Edgar Allan Poe loved very much had died of tuberculosis- his mother, his foster mother, his wife Virginia, and the men in his life kept abandoning him, so that made him dark and depressed. That darkness shows in a lot of his stories, including this one. â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is a story about a murder the narrator commits. He kills an old man because the old man’s vulture eye makes him furious and annoyed. The narrator of â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is insane because he murdered the old man without a motive and because he was so paranoid in his actions.†¦show more content†¦Even taking 5 minutes to stick a head inside a room is too long, but 1 hour –that’s totally crazy and a big sign of a neurotic person. †Was it possible they heard not? Almighty God! –no, no!† screams the narrator as they are sitting in the old man’s room with the police officers. â€Å"They heard! –they suspected! –they knew! –they were making a mockery of my horror! –this I thought and this I think.† This shows that the narrator is obsessed with the old man’s heart because he keeps on hearing it, even though that’s probably just his dirty conscience. It also shows that he is paranoid about the officers hearing the heartbeat, even though it’s impossible and they obviously don’t, because they don’t start looking around or asking any questions, which they would have done if they really did hear the heartbeat. The narrator in the story is insane because he murders an old man without any motive and is really paranoid. I believe that Edgar Allan Poe is trying to tell us in this story that we shouldn’t let our thoughts and feelings bottle up, because eventually we’ll do somet hing insane, like the narrator did. He bottled everything up inside of himself, which led to the murder of an innocent person. We should let those thoughts and feelings out so we wouldn’t explode and, for example, kill someone. Don’t keep anything bad inside your heart because later you might regretShow MoreRelatedThe Tale the Heart Tells523 Words   |  2 PagesMany a night, just at midnight, when all the world slept, it has welled up from my own bosom, deepening, with its dreadful echo, the terrors that distracted me. I say I knew it well. I knew what the old man felt and pitied him although I chuckled at heart† (Poe 2). The narrator sees the man as his double through such an emphasis on their similar features, which later becomes crucial as the narrator feels the need for the displacement of his fear. The fact that the old man’s fear is warranted due toRead MoreEssay on The Tell-Tale Heart852 Words   |  4 PagesAndrew Fiddler Professor Esquivel English 1020 15 February 2013 Themes of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† Edgar Allen Poe explores the similarity of love and hate in many stories, especially â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart.† In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† the narrator confesses a love for an old man whom he then violently murders and dismembers the body and hides the pieces below the floorboards in the bedroom. When the police arrive, the narrator appears normal and unshaken by the murder. Later on, the man gives inRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart Essay1015 Words   |  5 PagesBeating Heart With a descriptive epistle of murder and insanity, â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† threw itself into history as a classic. The narrator tells of his plot to murder an old man with a â€Å"vulture eye.† Although he sneaks into his bedroom, night after night, he still cannot murder the old man, because he loves the man, but hates the eye. When seeing the vulture eye on the eighth night, he murders the old man and dismembers his body. While insisting upon his sanity he hears the old man’s heart beatingRead MoreTell Tale Heart Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"Tell Tale Heart,† Edgar Allen Poe develops the plot and creates a mood through the use of metaphors, symbolism, imagery, and foreshadowing. The unique use of said literary devices enables the story to strongly entice the reader’s interest and spark high levels of curiosity. The vivid mental pieces of art are beautifully painted with metaphors, symbolism, and imagery, the tools mastered by the p ainter, Edgar Allen Poe. The initial analysis will be that of the old man’s eye. Mr. Poe uses veryRead More The Tell Tale Heart Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesIn the â€Å"Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, the narrator is extremely uncanny due to the reader’s inability to trust him. Right from the beggining the reader can tell that the narrator is crazy although the narrator does proclaim that he is sane. Since a person cannot trust a crazy person, the narrator himself is unreliable and therefore uncanny. Also as the story progress the narrator falls deeper and deeper into lunacy making him more and more unreliable, until the end of the story where the narratorRead More A Hanging and A Tell-Tale Heart1541 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters of the guard from George Orwell’s â€Å"A Hanging† and the servant from Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"A Tell-Tale Heart†, they both experience the act of taking another person’s life. The guard from â€Å"A Hanging† works at a prison in Burma where felons await execution. His job is to lead the convicted men to their doom and makes sure everything goes routinely and swift. While the servant from â€Å"A Tell-Tale Heart† is a psychopathic man who lets his obsession over his boss’s glasseye lead him to plot and carryRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tell Tale Heart 1110 Words   |  5 Pagesdespicable villains are marked with indifference towards their moral reprehensibility. â€Å"In the Penal Colony† and â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† both elucidate the idea that corruption, darkness, and immorality alike are unperceivable to the one afflicted. However, while â€Å"In the Penal Colony† suggests that this blind nature is a result of dutiful honor, responsibility, and hope, â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† alternatively submits that it is a result of the possibility of fulfillment. Distinction between bothRead MoreThe Tell-Tale Heart Confession593 Words   |  2 PagesProbably not, but most americans have had this issue in that past. The narrator in â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† had the same exact same problem during his span as a butler. â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is a short story composed about a butler that murders his master because he didn’t liked the way his master’s eye looked when it was open. The meaning of the title â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, means that every heart has a tale to tell. At the ending of the story the narrator openly admits that he killed his master to policeRead MoreThe Black Cat And The Tell Tale Heart957 Words   |  4 Pages the manner in which he expressed these emotions was his brilliantly horrifying short stories. In the two short stories â€Å"The Black Cat† and â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† Poe uses characterization to portray the guilt of the narrator. â€Å"The Black Ca t† short story’s writing has a morbid effect on readers and describes the torments of guilt. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† Poe explores the effects of the subconscious mind, the suppressing of guilt and the narrator’s guilt forcing him to confess.† â€Å"The Black Cat† isRead MorePsychosis and Guilt in The Tell-Tale Heart977 Words   |  4 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s ‘The Tell-Tale Heart,† the narrator explains how he is not mad, how cautious he is in planning a murder. A person can argue however with the narrator of ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’, which he is indeed mad. The anxiety the narrator experiences through out the story makes him mad, it is also the guilt that brought on more anxiety to the narrator at the end of the story. The narrator constantly speaks of how he is not mad; he constantly as the reader why would they think he is mad. â€Å"True

Concepts of Learning Free Essays

According to George Kimball, learning Is the result of a reinforced practice which results in a change in behavior. However, learning may not necessarily demonstrate itself in a change in behavior, but through the acquisition of knowledge. In other words, after learning, the individual will have new knowledge or be capable of doing something they would not have been able to do otherwise (Olson Hermann, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Concepts of Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, when a child Is being potty trained, he learns how to use the toilet; his behavior will change from using a diaper to using the toilet o relieve himself. To further explain the concept of learning, we will look at the role of behavior in relation to learning, classical and operant conditioning, and the relationship between learning and cognition (Olson Hermann, 2013). Role of Behavior In Relation to Learning According to Simile’s deflation of learning, there are several ways In which learning can only be inferred from an observable modification in behavior. In other words, learning must be translated into observable behavior (Olson Hermann, 2013). However, a change in behavior may not be observable immediately, that is, there may e a potential to act differently tat later time. Lastly, according to Kimball, learning in the form of experience or practice, which must be reinforced, will result in a change in behavior (Olson Hermann, 2013). With the exception of B. F. Skinner, most learning theorists agree that the learning process can only be assumed from modifications in behavior. However, not all changes in behavior are the result of learning. Some changes in behavior could be the result of a temporary state, such as illness, fatigue, or drug use (Olson Hermann, 2013). Some behaviors do not need to be learned, such as breathing or sweating. These behaviors are called homeostasis mechanisms. Their purpose Is to regulate a physiological stability. Humans are also born with reflexes. These reflexes, along with homeostasis, are necessary for survival. Learning Is often Identified through a relatively permanent change in behavior (Olson Hermann, 2013). Types of Learning There are two primary types of learning In terms of a procedures that can modify behavior: classical controlling and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning was first developed by Ivan Pavlov when he accidental discovered that his dogs had earned to associate the sound of a bell with dinner time, which caused the dogs to salivate (Olson Hermann, 2013). There are two requirements to classical conditioning. There must first be a natural reaction to an existing stimulus, such as an event or object. Next, the unconditioned stimulus that elicits a natural response Is paired with a new or â€Å"neutral† stimulus. The result Is that the formerly neutral my mom believes that giving her dog a high five before leaving the house makes her lucky because she won a couple of times at the casino after doing so. This prestigious behavior is a common example of classical conditioning in everyday life (Olson Hermann, 2013). The second form of conditioning is operant conditioning, sometimes called instrumental conditioning. Operant conditioning is a term first developed by B. F. Skinner, who used an apparatus he called the Skinner Box. The Skinner box was used to introduced a reinforce to condition a desired response (Olson Hermann, 2013). Operant conditioning differs from classical conditioning in that the organism must act in a specific way before it is reinforced; in other words, enforcement is reliant on the organisms behavior. With classical conditioning, the reaction is considered to be involuntary (Olson Hermann, 2013). The most important aspect of operant conditioning is that a reinforce is used to strengthen a behavior. There are four different types of reinforces: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment (Olson Hermann, 2013). Positive reinforcement is the addition of something agreeable or pleasant to strengthen a behavior. For example, giving the dog a treat after performing the trick properly. Negative reinforcement is the amoeba of something negative or unpleasant from the situation to strengthen the behavior. For example, when the students are well-behaved the teacher removes the essay question from the test (Olson Hermann, 2013). Now, positive punishment is the addition of something the organism views as unpleasant to decrease or weaken a behavior. For example, when the students are misbehaving, the teacher adds an essay question to the test. Lastly, negative punishment is the removal of something pleasant from the situation to weaken the behavior. When a child is misbehaving, taking away his or her favorite toy (Olson Hermann, 2013). Relationship Between Learning and Cognition Cognition and learning are closely associated and are codependent on one another. Without cognitive processes, learning cannot exist. The cognitive processes consist of thinking, remembering, knowing, and problem-solving. Other cognitive processes involve storing, receiving, processing, and using information learned by the individual (Olson Hermann, 2013). Learning is the manner in which an individual gains knowledge or skills through experience and practice, which causes a change in behavior. Learning requires the use of many cognitive processes. Cognition is classically thinking, but not everything a person thinks about will be stored in their long-term memory for later use. In order to learn, a person must store the new knowledge into their long-term memory, usually done through repetition (Olson Hermann, 2013). How memory processes information varies on an individual basis. Some people are able to recall information after Just one experience, others need to repetition or practice to be able to recall the same information (Olson wants to keep for retrieval at a later time. For example, when I was a child I watched a dinosaur movie for the first time, and did to have the knowledge to identify â€Å"the monsters†. Once my mother identified the monsters as dinosaurs to me I now had the cognitive experience of â€Å"dinosaur. I loved the movie and the idea of dinosaurs so much that over the next few months I read as much as I could about dinosaurs. Through reading and looking at pictures, I gained the ability to identify many different species of dinosaurs. Eventually, I became able to identify other reptilian animals of various sizes. Conclusion In summary, learning is the product of practice and experience that has been reinforced which results in a behavior modification. On the other hand, learning does not always reveal itself in a change in behavior, but through the procurement of knowledge. However, most learning theorists believe that the learning process can only be presumed from a change in behavior. A relatively permanent change in behavior is a good indicator if learning has taken place. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Are two primary types of learning in terms of a processes that can modify behavior. The difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning is that in operant conditioning is that the organism must act in a specific ay before it is reinforced; in classical conditioning reinforcement is reliant on the organisms behavior. Learning and cognition have a close relationship and are codependent on one another. Without cognitive processes, learning cannot exist. In this paper, we looked at the concept of learning, we looked at the role of behavior in relation to learning, classical and operant conditioning, and the relationship between learning and cognition. References Olson, M. H. Hermann, B. R. (2013). An introduction to theories of learning (9th deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. How to cite Concepts of Learning, Papers

Accounting Concepts and Practices Maximize the Returns

Question: Describe about the Accounting Concepts and Practices for Maximize the Returns. Answer: Introduction The main aim of this report is to provide a fruitful advice to the client, who wants to invest in Woolworths Ltd with the purpose to maximize the returns. This report discusses the company's core business including description about its operating activities. In addition, it also discusses the progress of the company against its strategic priorities. It also identifies and discusses any significant issue emerging from the reports by Chairman, managing director, and the corporate social responsibility report. It also presents the financial performance of the company on the basis of calculation and interpretation of key financial ratios. It also evaluates the creation or reduction of the company's value in terms of "six capitals" over time. In last, it provides recommendations on investing in Woolworths Ltd. Core Business and Operating Activities In Australia, Woolworth Ltd is a public company and ranked number 2 out of the 2000 top companies (IBIS WOrld, 2016). The major part of its income comes from the Supermarkets and Grocery Stores in Australia industry. The core business of the company is related to the retailing of food, liquor, and petrol. In addition, it also operates as a retailer of home improvement and general merchandise (Annual Report, 2015). It also operates in the gaming and hospitality sector. The main operating activities of Woolworth is as below: Supermarkets and Petrol: 'Approx 992 supermarkets are operated by Woolworth, 5 Thomas Dux grocery stores, 184 Countdown grocery stores (in New Zealand), and 530 petrol stations' (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Endeavour Drinks Group: The company also operates its liquor businesses both online and offline. It sells liquor online and in-store through its businesses including 'Dan Murphys, BWS, Cellarmasters, Langtons and winemarket.com.au.' (Annual Report, 2015). BIG W: About 186 Big W discount department stores are also operated by the company in Australia. The main operating activities in these stores include 'selling of hardware, software, health beauty products, books and stationery, homewares, toys, sports equipment, clothing, recorded media, automotive goods and pet food' (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Masters Home Improvement: Under this brand, which was launched in the year 2011, the company retails more than 35,000 products. The company also operates this brand online (Annual Report, 2015). Hotels: Woolworth also operates 331 licensed venues and gaming operations throughout Australia through its majority-held subsidiary, Australian Leisure Hospitality Group (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Financial Services: The company's operations also include the management of financial services through its division Woolworths Money (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Woolworths Rewards: The management of rewards point system also comes under the operating activities of the company. Ezibuy: The firm's operating under the apparel and homeware catalogue market includesEzibuy, which sells many products to customers through catalogues, a call centre, retail outlets and online order (IBIS WOrld, 2016). Analysis of Woolworth's Progress in contrast to Strategic Priorities It is identified from the current growth plan of the company that there are four key strategic priorities for Woolworth. These include 'extend leadership in food and liquor, maximize shareholder value by acting on its portfolio, preserve the record of establishing new growth businesses, and invest in the enablers for a new growth era (Woolworth Limited, 2012). The company significantly progressed against all its strategic priorities. For instance, to extend leading position in the food and liquor business, the company considerably progressed. For example, in the contest of food group, the company inserted the customers as an integral part of the core of all decisions, invest more than $200 million in price to show price parity with Coles, enhance service hours to ensure fresh and on-shelf availability, and established a new leadership team (Annual Report, 2015). In addition, Woolworth is the Australia's first retailer to sign the 'Australian Food Grocery Industry Code of Conduct', w hich make sure about the certainty for food and grocery suppliers and greater transparency. It shows that in the year 2015, the company improved its leading position in the food market. Moreover, in relation to the Liquor Group, to strengthen the leadership, the company successfully launched a new loyalty program in year 2014, which is beneficial to effectively engage customers. Additionally, the company also built 'danmurphys.com.au' as a prime online liquor destination in Australia (Annual Report, 2015). At the same time, Woolworth's efforts to maintain an effective remuneration policy that is aligned with its business strategy and also match with its business values and culture, significantly contributed to enhance shareholder value. In addition, the company also strengthen its current portfolio by increasing investment that also ensures growth in total shareholder value (Annual Report, 2015). Woolworth also opened 14 new petrol sites, extended its offer by rolling out Bulk Food and raised the number of online products. All these support the company to maintain its record to develop new growth businesses. Additionally, in the year 2015, the company significantly invests to develop HR capabilities. The company also made significant changes in the senior management team with the focus to develop people, who can lead the business to new growth era (Annual Report, 2015). It shows that the company progressed effectively to ensure the attainment of its strategic priorities. Issues Emerging from the Chairmans Report It can be discussed based on the report of the chairman that several issues are emerging that can adversely impact on the company's position in the Australian market. The chairman said that the fiscal year 2015 was a challenging one for Woolworth. It is because during this year, the company made a number of substantial changes to the senior management team with the purpose to enhance customer satisfaction and deliver long-term shareholder value (Annual Report, 2015). It creates the issue for the company to successfully involve new senior managers in the business and increase coordination and cooperation within the team. In addition, it can also be discussed that the changes at Woolworth also create new retail challenges for the company in terms of ensuring the effectiveness of its strategy to meet challenges and speeding the lean retail model to compete in the new environment. The report also reflects that the group sales were decrease by 0.2% in the year 2015 over year 2014. The main reason behind this was lower fuel sales. It shows the issue of improving fuel sales as petrol is a core business of the company. Additionally, it can also be discussed that it is also an issue for the company to proven its current business and marketing strategies to increase sales revenue in highly dynamic and competitive retail business environment (Annual Report, 2015). Identified Issues from the Managing Director's Report From the report by the managing director, it is found that in year 2015, the company faced a issue to deliver growth as profits do not significantly improved over the previous year. It is also assessed that dramatic changes in the market environment such as emergence of stronger competition and changes in the shopping behaviour of the customers also creates several issues related to enhance sales revenue, firm's profitability position, and ensure the success of current retail model (Annual Report, 2015). It also creates the issue for the company to continuously improve the customer experience as well as increase net profit. There is also need for the company to provide strong sustainable returns to the stakeholders at the same time increasing customer satisfaction rate. The other issues for the company are identified as recover its leading position in the Australian supermarket, improve market share in the liquor business, get better the business profitability, and maintain disciplin ed portfolio management (Annual Report, 2015). It is also identified from the report that the current managing director is retiring from the company. Thus, it also creates the issue to appoint a new talented and experienced managing director, who will work in the company's best interest. Moreover, there are also other issues for the company to improve sales of different divisions, mainly petrol business, increase overall profitability for Woolworth and maintain its leading position in the industry (Annual Report, 2015). Issues from the CSR Report Woolworth Limited launched a sustainability strategy eight years ago that support it in maintaining a leading position in the retail industry and among peers. It is also found that the company successfully attained most of the CSR targets in the year 2015. The main issue that is emerging from the CSR report is related to failure of the company to attain zero food waste to landfill (Corporate Social Responsibility Report, 2015). In addition, there is also need for the company to keep a focus on the continuous improvement to enhance the effectiveness of its CSR efforts. But, at the same time, it is also evaluated that Woolworth ensures compliance with the principles related to human rights, environment, labour, and anti-corruption. Key Financial Ratios For 2015 The below table summarizes the calculation of main financial ratios for the year 2015: Ratios Calculation for Woolworth Ltd amount in $ million 2015 Liquidity Ratios: Current Ratio Formula = Current assets/Current Liabilities Current assets 7,660.90 Current liabilities 9,168.60 Current Ratio 0.84 2012 Profitability Ratios: Gross Profit ratio Formula = (Gross profit/ Net sales)*100 Gross profit 16523.60 Net Sales 60868.40 Gross profit margin Ratio 27.15 Net profit margin Formula = (Net profit/ Net sales)*100 Net profit 2137.40 Net profit margin Ratio 3.51 Return on Total Assets Formula = (Net profit/Total Assets)*100 Total Assets 25336.80 Return on Total Assets Ratio 8.44 Return on Equity Formula = (Net income/Shareholders' Equity)*100 Shareholders' Equity 11132.00 Return on Equity Ratio 19.20 2012 Efficiency Ratios Debtors Turnover Formula =Net Sales/total receivables Net Sales 60868.40 Total Debtors 885.20 Debtors Turnover Ratio 68.76 Inventory Turnover Ratio Formula = COGS/Inventory COGS 44344.80 Inventory 4872.20 Inventory Turnover Ratio 9.10 Total assets turnover Formula = Net sales/total assets Net Sales 60868.40 Total assets 25336.80 Total assets turnover Ratio 2.40 Solvency Ratio Debt-Equity ratio Formula = Long-term liabilities/shareholders funds Long-term Liabilities 5,036.20 Shareholders' Funds 11132.00 Debt-Equity ratio 0.45 Evaluation Of The Companys Value Creation IIRC defined Six capitals such as financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social and relationship, and natural, which are used for evaluating the value creation or diminution by the company (Haslam and Sikka, 2016). Financial: In the above section, key financial ratios are calculated to evaluate the financial performance of the company. It is analyzed from the current ratio that short-term liquidity position of the company is not good because there is lack of current assets to meet effectively all short-term obligations (Vemic, 2010). Concurrently, it is analyzed from the profitability ratios that the profitability position of the company is good as there is positive gross profit, net profit, and return on assets and equity ratios. However, it can also be discussed that as the net profit ratio is low (3.51%), there is need to strengthen the current profitability position to retain investors' trust. Additionally, from the efficiency ratios, it is evaluated that the management at Woolworths is efficient to effectively manage receivables, inventories and assets, as these ratios are high for the company (Fabozzi Drake, 2009). At the same time, it is assessed from the interpretation of debt-equity ratio that long-term solvency position of the company is good. It is because the company has fewer long-term debts, which develop its capability to get more funds from the market (Tracy, 2011). Overall, it can be stated that the financial position of the company is good in the year 2015. But, concurrently, it needs to strengthen its short-term solvency and liquidity position to maintain its leading position in the industry. Manufacturing: The company highly invests in buildings, equipments, and infrastructure to ensure the uninterrupted production of goods and services as per customers' expectations (Integrated Reporting, 2013). Intellectual: Woolworth has developed a strong reputation in Australian Market as it is placed number 2 among the top 2000 companies (Woolworths Limited, 2012). It is also evaluated that some of Australia'smost recognisedtrustedbrands are managed by Woolworth. These include 'Countdown, Thomas Dux, Woolworths Petrol, Endeavour Drinks Group, Big W, Masters' Home Improvement, ALH Group (hotels), Woolworths' Money, and EziBuy' (Woolworths Limited, 2012). In addition, it is found that the company developed a new merchandising system with the purpose to get better insights into trading and inventory management as the business perspective is changing towards soft goods (Annual Report, 2015). Human: Woolworth significantly invests in strengthening the organizational human capital. It is assessed that worldwide the company is known for its strong, hard working, down to earth, ethical values, and a responsible culture (Woolworths Limited, 2012). The company employs approx 190,000 plus employees with different experiences, skills, competencies, and capabilities. The employees are highly committed to create great customers' experience as well as ensure firm's long-term business survival (Annual Report, 2015). It is found that the company develops effective people policy, considers ethical values, and provide performance based rewards. All these are beneficial to increase employee motivation, retain them for long-period, and enhance their ability to effectively collaborate and lead the business successfully (Adams, 2015). Social and Relationship: The company strives to be fair, reliable, open, and transparent in everything what it do. It also develops fair and close relationship with customers, business partners, and suppliers (Woolworths Limited, 2012). It is found from the company website that it values its supplier by valuing and working collaboratively with them. In addition, it also considers customers at the core of its business and decision-making, and also respect the communities its serve. Natural The company uses different natural capitals including water, land, and biotic and abiotic assets to ensure the success of its business. In addition, it is also assessed that Woolworth developed a sustainability strategy that improve efficiency of its operations, reduce waste, and save water and other resources (Corporate Responsibility Report, 2015). Thus, it shows that the group work effectively to ensure optimum utilization of natural capital for now and in the future. Overall, it can be stated that all the six capitals create value for the company. Recommendations Based on the above analysis of Woolworth Limited, it can be recommended to the client that it should invest in the company. It is because as the group significantly invests in all the six capitals resulting in the creation of value for Woolworth, it would be beneficial to attain considerable returns from the investment. In addition, it is also found that despite the lower profits in the year 2015, the company provided significant returns to the shareholders. It shows that the company believes to maintain shareholders' trust in the business. At the same time, as Woolworth is Australia's number 2 business with following effective workplace health and safety standards as well as maintain ethical relationship with suppliers, all these show that the investment in this company would be beneficial for the client. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be stated that a company can effectively perform in terms of both financial and non-financial by investing in different capitals including intellectual, human resource, manufactured, natural, social and relationship, and financial. It can also be stated that the investment in Woolworth would be beneficial for the client as the company has potential to create more value and returns for different stakeholders. References Adams, C. (2015). Understanding Integrated Reporting: The Concise Guide to Integrated Thinking and the Future of Corporate Reporting. Do Sustainability. Annual Report (2015). Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/icms_docs/182381_Annual_Report_2015.pdf Corporate Responsibility Report (2015). Retrieved from https://woolworthslimited2015.csr report.com.au/files/Woolworths_CSR_2015.pdf Fabozzi, F.J. Drake, P.P. (2009). Finance: Capital Markets, Financial Management, and Investment Management. USA: John Wiley Sons. Haslam, J. and Sikka, P. (2016). Pioneers of Critical Accounting: A Celebration of the Life of Tony Lowe. Germany: Springer. IBIS World (2016). Woolworths Ltd - Premium Company Report Australia, 2015. Retrieved from https://www.ibisworld.com.au/car/default.aspx?entid=7 Integrating Reporting (2013). Capitals. Retrieved from https://integratedreporting.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/IR-Background-Paper-Capitals.pdf Tracy, J.A. (2011). Accounting For Dummies. USA: John Wiley Sons. Vemic, M.B. (2010). Elaboration of Key Aspects of Financial Planning In Entrepreneurial Endeavours. Economics and Organization, 7(4), pp. 411 421. Woolworth Limited (2015). How we do business. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/How_We_Do_Business/ Woolworth Limited (2015). Our Brands. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Our_Brands/ Woolworth Limited (2015). Strategy and Objective. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Strategy_and_Objectives/

Environmental Effect from the Gold Rush Essay Example

Environmental Effect from the Gold Rush Paper This essay aims to identify the origin of the Gold Rush and identify the techniques used while also noting the ha armful effects caused by each one. The Start Of the Gold Rush all began on January 24, 1848, when a carpenter named James Wilson Marshall picked up a nugget of gold from the river at the base of the Sierra Nevada Mountains near Cola, California. Although Marshall and the man he was working for, John Stutter, tried to keep the news of this big discovery from the public, word got out anyway and soon people were swarming toward the western frontier. This was when â€Å"one of the largest human migration in history began† (The California Gold Rush). At first people were not buying the story, but as news spread of the fortunes being made in Californians Gold Rush, the first migrants started showing up. It was not long before the population of the California exploded, â€Å"from just only 14,000 at the start of year 1 849, to more than 100,000 people by the end of that year. By the year 1852, the population crowded to 220,000† (Cornell 342). This underground well of fortune (which amounted to over $2,000,000,000,000 worth of gold) was so vast, it emended significant amounts of people to harvest it all. Smart individuals looking to make a profit convinced others to dig gold for them and used that money to start business such as hotels, restaurants, banks, saloons, and all kinds of mining industries. Naturally, this brings up the economy of the state even more but it also brought more people to California. We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Effect from the Gold Rush specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Effect from the Gold Rush specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Effect from the Gold Rush specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer At first, people used basic, almost primitive methods of gold mining which did little harm to nature such as the ever popular gold panning technique. In the early days of gold mining, people used gold pans to find gold in the river, although it was actually the most ineffective of all. As time went on, less and less people used gold pan and created more effective ways to extract gold. Another popular tool was the rocker; it had a handle on top to push it back and forth. When the miner put the gravels into the top layer, the thinner and heavier partials would be screened to be separated from the rest. Repeating this a couple of times, and with some luck, miners can find some gold hidden within the heavy minerals. These techniques to find gold usually required the help Of water and gravity, but since not all the gold is in the river, the miner has to get he water to where the gold is to be found, hence some of the mining ditches can still be found even today (Early Gold Mining Methods) . Eventually there would be too many people joining in on the â€Å"Gold Rush†, which in turn made finding gold increasingly more difficult with the current methods of gold mining. Had everyone stuck to these methods, the lands would not have been destroyed, but alas greed triumphs over natural preservation. Soon enough, the gold diggers begin to turn to more powerful ways to obtain the gold such as machines and explosives. These new methods of getting gold ay have helped satisfy the diggers’ greed, but it also caused irreversible damages to the lands of California. As time went by, the technology of gold mining became more and more sophisticated; this was when the gold fever started to become very harmful to nature. The first way want to get into is the placer mining, which is a way of mining that yielded most gold in the early years. Although panning was one of the ways of placer mining, this method was expanded upon when new techniques were added to it. For example, people started adding large amounts of mercury to their pans to operate the gold from other materials. Mercury has the ability to separate the gold from the extraction of secondary gold after the gravity method. Thanks to its intrinsic properties mercury allow to easily separate gold from other materials. After the separation from the rest of unwanted particles, they simply evaporate the mercury to obtain the gold the want. It is well known that mercury is highly toxic. It can cause damages to the nervous system at even relatively low levels of exposure. Due to the evaporation of the mercury, we subsequently caused the release of mercury into the atmosphere. The water circulation in the atmosphere would bring the mercury back into the ocean and poison animals in the ocean, which in turn would indirectly poison human beings. Perhaps one of the most destructive methods of advanced mining that existed was hydraulic mining. Though this method was extremely effective in extracting gold, it caused so much damage to the lands that â€Å"Hydraulic mining was prohibited in 1884 when it was discovered that the mining resulted in worsened flood conditions and also destroyed farmland. It wasn’t known until much later that Hydraulic mining also left behind a huge amount of arsenic, mercury, cyanide and acid which contaminated the ground-waters, soil, rivers and lakes. (Rare Coins) Hydraulic mining, also called hydraulically is a technique originating from the Roman era involving high pressure jets of water to erode and scrape away dirt and gravel, which is then funneled into a filter that leaves only the rich minerals behind. Hydraulic mining was first used by Edward Matheson near Nevada CCNY’, California, in 1853, ‘Xv fashioned a three-foot tapered metal funnel to which they clamped a canvas hose. They pumped water through the hose and pointed it at the hillside from which they were trying to extract gold. The water shot through with surprising force, quickly rendering the hillside into a pile of gravel and providing plenty of pay dirt from which to separate gold. † (PBS Gold Rush) The technique caught on fast and soon enough, people were utilizing dams to stock up on enough water to optimize their hydraulic mining operations. As mentioned earlier, hydraulic mining was also the most destructive method, eventually getting banned because of the destruction it caused. One reason for this is because of the unnatural erosion caused by the high pressure jet streams, which led to unexpected floods. An example of this is mentioned in the PBS Gold Rush website, which mentions heavy rain during January 1861 which loosened deep snowdrifts in the Sierras. The result was inundated countryside, thousands of heads of drowned cattle and millions of cubic yards of dirt, mud and silt – all residue from upstream hillsides that had been pulverize by hydraulic mining. When the water receded, it left behind eight- foot drifts of silt in Sacramento. Needless to say, Nature inflicted its wrath upon the greedy miners by destroying the farms and lands in the surrounding areas. Countless fields in the Sacramento Valley areas were deeply buried in mining sediment, riverbeds were raised rendering river crossing in certain areas more difficult, and farmers rose up in anger toward the destruction gold mining has caused. These factors were some Of many that eventually led to the banning of hydraulic mining, which passed when farmers sued hydraulic mining operations in the famous Edwards Woodruff v. North Bloomfield Mining and Gravel Company case. Following the case, hydraulic mining was temporarily banned, resurfacing later in 1 893, albeit with much trice regulations in an effort to avoid damage to both farmlands and nature. Gold mining can cause all air, soil, and water pollution. When the mining process works close to the ground surface, the mining sites will generate a large amount of dust which pollutes the air, also the process of refining the ore also pollutes the air. When heating the ore to melt the metal and release it from its surrounding material, the smelter releases large amount of lead, nitrogen, and sulfur, which comes back to earth in the form of acid rain. Extracting a small piece of gold, a large amount of toxic wastes ill be produced and left in the soil. The toxic heavy metal can go into the deeper soil and further pollutes the plants or prevent it from growing. The heavy metal and toxic waste can stay in the soil for years, that makes the area unsuitable for animals and human to live. Lastly, water pollution is through a highly toxic chemical called cyanide. The miners uses the solution of cyanide to dissolves the gold and collect them, but with little protection, the cyanide can easily leak into the soil and goes into local water supplies, lakes, river, and the ocean. The Gold Rush was definitely an era of prosperity, but was all that gold Roth releasing mercury into the atmosphere, flooding and destroying millions of farmland, and leaking dangerous chemicals such as cyanide into our soil and water?

Using a Peer Review Sample For Rhetorical Essay

Using a Peer Review Sample For Rhetorical EssayReading a peer review sample for rhetorical essay is essential. It will help you put the theory to practice while you are writing.It can be a good idea to read the peer review sample before you begin your paper. It will show you where and how to include certain elements. You can then keep these elements in mind as you write your own piece.A peer review sample for rhetorical essay will generally have some content in it that you will find helpful. For example, some of the works will help you learn about argumentative writing and critical analysis. Other work on the page will also demonstrate the creation of discourse.The peer review sample may have some survey materials that will help you become familiar with the reading and research methods you need to apply to your essay. As you proceed through the sample you can pick up the same approaches and techniques. By doing this you will be able to use the same methods in your own essay.Some of t he questions in the work that you can get by reading a review for rhetorical essay are on how to handle literary devices, rhetorical tactics, rhetorical questions, and sentences in a rhetorical essay. The more you read, the better prepared you will be to write your own piece. You will also find that by applying the approach in your own essay, you will be able to enhance your own writing skills.As with any other review, a peer review sample for rhetorical essay will generally have a number of different sections that you will need to follow. One section will give you information on how to use the structure of an essay to your advantage. A second section will give you a set of strategies to use when the essay is developing.You will also learn about how to come up with a conclusion and how to formulate a conclusion. Finally, there will be a section that gives you information on writing in response to criticism. This section is especially useful when you first start writing the piece.Whe n you are studying a review for rhetorical essay, you will find that it can be a valuable resource in your development of a persuasive essay. In addition, you will be able to gain some familiarity with the style and structure of an essay by reading the material. This knowledge will allow you to further develop your own persuasive skills.

Pros and Cons of the Death Penalty

Pros and Cons of the Death Penalty The death penalty, also known as capital punishment, is the lawful imposition of death as punishment for a crime. In 2004 four (China, Iran, Vietnam, and the US) accounted for 97 percent of all global executions. On average, every 9-10 days a government in the United States executes a prisoner. It is the Eighth Amendment, the constitutional clause that prohibits cruel and unusual punishment, that is at the center of the debate about capital punishment in America. Although most Americans support capital punishment under some circumstances, according to Gallup support for capital punishment has dropped dramatically from a high of 80 percent in 1994 to about 60 percent today. Facts and Figures Red state executions per million population are an order of magnitude greater than blue state executions (46.4 v 4.5). Blacks are executed at a rate significantly disproportionate to their share of the overall population. Based on 2000 data, Texas ranked 13th in the country in violent crime and 17th in murders per 100,000 citizens. However, Texas leads the nation in death penalty convictions and executions. Since the 1976 Supreme Court decision that reinstated the death penalty in the United States, the governments of the United States had executed 1,136, as of December 2008. The 1,000th execution, North Carolinas Kenneth Boyd, occurred in December 2005. There were 42 executions in 2007. Death Row More than 3,300 prisoners were serving death-row sentences in the US in December 2008. Nationwide, juries are delivering fewer death sentences: since the late 1990s, they have dropped 50 percent. The violent crime rate has also dropped dramatically since the mid-90s, reaching the lowest level ever recorded in 2005. Latest Developments In 2007, the Death Penalty Information Center released a report, â€Å"A Crisis of Confidence: Americans’ Doubts About the Death Penalty.† The Supreme Court has ruled that the death penalty should reflect the conscience of the community, and that its application should be measured against societys evolving standards of decency. This latest report suggests that 60 percent of Americans do not believe that the death penalty is a deterrent to murder. Moreover, almost 40 percent believe that their moral beliefs would disqualify them from serving on a capital case. And when asked whether they prefer the death penalty or life in prison without parole as punishment for murder, the respondents were split: 47 percent death penalty, 43 percent prison, 10 percent unsure. Interestingly, 75 percent believe that a higher degree of proof is required in a capital case than in a prison as punishment case. (poll margin of error /- ~3%) In addition, since 1973 more than 120 people have had their death row convictions overturned. DNA testing has resulted in 200 non-capital cases to be overturned since 1989. Mistakes like these shake public confidence in the capital punishment system. Perhaps it is not surprising, then, that almost 60 percent of those polled- including almost 60 percent of the southerners- in this study believe that the United States should impose a moratorium on the death penalty. An ad hoc moratorium is almost in place. After the 1,000th execution in December 2005, there were almost no executions in 2006 or the first five months of 2007. History Executions as a form of punishment date to at least the 18th century BC. In America, Captain George Kendall was executed in 1608 in the Jamestown Colony of Virginia; he was accused of being a spy for Spain. In 1612, Virginia death penalty violations included what modern citizens would consider minor violations: stealing grapes, killing chickens and trading with Indians. In the 1800s, abolitionists took up the cause of capital punishment, relying in part on Cesare Beccarias 1767 essay, On Crimes and Punishment. From the 1920s-1940s, criminologists argued that the death penalty was a necessary and preventative social measure. The 1930s, also marked by the Depression, saw more executions than any other decade in our history. From the 1950s-1960s, public sentiment turned against capital punishment, and the number executed plummeted. In 1958, the Supreme Court ruled in Trop v. Dulles that the Eighth Amendment contained an evolving standard of decency that marked the progress of a maturing society. And according to Gallup, public support reached an all-time low of 42 percent in 1966. Two 1968 cases caused the nation to rethink its capital punishment law. In U.S. v. Jackson, the Supreme Court ruled that requiring that the death penalty be imposed only upon recommendation of a jury was unconstitutional because it encouraged defendants to plead guilty to avoid trial. In Witherspoon v. Illinois, the Court ruled on juror selection; having a reservation was insufficient cause for dismissal in a capital case. In June 1972, the Supreme Court (5-4) effectively voided death penalty statutes in 40 states and commuted the sentences of 629 death row inmates. In Furman v. Georgia, the Supreme Court ruled that capital punishment with sentencing discretion was cruel and unusual and thus violated the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. In 1976, the Court ruled that capital punishment itself was constitutional while holding that new death penalty laws in Florida, Georgia and Texas- which included sentencing guidelines, bifurcated trials, and automatic appellate review- were constitutional. A ten-year moratorium on executions that had begun with the Jackson and Witherspoon ended on 17 January 1977 with the execution of Gary Gilmore by firing squad in Utah. Deterrence There are two common arguments in support of capital punishment: that of deterrence and that of retribution. According to Gallup, most Americans believe that the death penalty is a deterrent to homicide, which helps them justify their support for capital punishment. Other Gallup research suggests that most Americans would not support capital punishment if it did not deter murder. Does capital punishment deter violent crimes? In other words, will a potential murderer consider the possibility that they might be convicted and face the death penalty before committing murder? The answer appears to be no. Social scientists have mined empirical data searching for the definitive answer on deterrence since the early 20th century. And most deterrence research has found that the death penalty has virtually the same effect as long imprisonment on homicide rates. Studies suggesting otherwise (notably, writings of Isaac Ehrlich from the 1970s) have been, in general, criticized for methodological errors. Ehrlichs work was also criticized by the National Academy of Sciences - but it is still cited as a rationale for deterrence. A 1995 survey of police chiefs and country sheriffs found that most ranked the death penalty last in a list of six options that might deter violent crime. Their top two picks? Reducing drug abuse and fostering an economy that provides more jobs. Data on murder rates  seem to discredit the deterrence theory as well. The region of the county with the greatest number of executions- the South- is the region with the largest murder rates. For 2007, the average murder rate in states with the death penalty was 5.5; the average murder rate of the 14 states without the death penalty was 3.1. Thus deterrence, which is offered as a reason to support capital punishment (pro), doesnt wash. Retribution In Gregg v Georgia, the Supreme Court wrote that [t]he instinct for retribution is part of the nature of man... The theory of retribution rests, in part, on the Old Testament and its call for an eye for an eye. Proponents of retribution argue that the punishment must fit the crime. According to The New American: Punishment- sometimes called retribution- is the main reason for imposing the death penalty. Opponents of retribution theory believe in the sanctity of life and often argue that it is just as wrong for society to kill as it is for an individual to kill. Others argue that what drives American support for capital punishment is the impermanent emotion of outrage. Certainly, emotion not reason seems to be the key behind support for capital punishment. Costs Some supporters of the death penalty also contend it is less expensive than a life sentence. Nevertheless, at least 47 states do have life sentences without the possibility of parole. Of those, at least 18 have no possibility of parole. And according to the ACLU: The most comprehensive death penalty study in the country found that the death penalty costs North Carolina $2.16 million more per execution than a non-death penalty murder case with a sentence of life imprisonment (Duke University, May 1993). In its review of death penalty expenses, the State of Kansas concluded that capital cases are 70% more expensive than comparable non-death penalty cases. Conclusion More than 1000 religious leaders  have written an open letter to America and its leaders: We join with many Americans in questioning the need for the death penalty in our modern society and in challenging the effectiveness of this punishment, which has consistently been shown to be ineffective, unfair, and inaccurate...With the prosecution of even a single capital case costing millions of dollars, the cost of executing 1,000 people has easily risen to billions of dollars. In light of the serious economic challenges that our country faces today, the valuable resources that are expended to carry out death sentences would be better spent investing in programs that work to prevent crime, such as improving education, providing services to those with mental illness, and putting more law enforcement officers on our streets. We should make sure that money is spent to improve life, not destroy it...As people of faith, we take this opportunity to reaffirm our opposition to the death penalty and to express our belief in the sacredness of human life and in the human capacity for chan ge. In 2005, Congress considered the Streamlined Procedures Act (SPA), which would have amended the Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA). AEDPA placed restrictions on the power of federal courts to grant writs of habeas corpus to state prisoners. The SPA would have imposed additional limits on the ability of state inmates to challenge the constitutionality of their imprisonment through habeas corpus.

How Much Money Can You Make as a Truck Driver

How Much Money Can You Make as a Truck Driver Truck drivers are currently in high demand. You’ll have to study for and pass your CDL exam. This means a training program. But once you do get licensed, you’ll find there are many lucrative opportunities available to Class A CDL drivers. Here are how much money you can make as a truck driver in different positions.Standard RateIf you don’t choose to specialize, you can expect to make an industry or company standard rate per mile.Specialized Training/OrientationWhen you’ve chosen to specialize in, say, Hazmat driving, you will undergo special training with the carrier that hired you. You’ll be paid a particular rate for the first few weeks of your training. These rates are more likely to be per hour, day, or even week.Solo OTRThe largest percentage of the workforce. Starting drivers will usually make $40-45k in their first year, but this rate depends a bit on the carrier and available bonuses.Team OTRPairs can traverse longer distances faster by swi tching on and off. This can be quite lucrative- with a pair splitting $100-150k per year.TrainerMore suited to the classroom than the open road? Done your drive time and ready to linger in one place? To experienced drivers, training positions can be a great career- making $60-80k per year, on average.Owner-OperatorIf you have sufficient experience working for a carrier, you might be ready to make the big transition into being your own boss and maybe even running your own fleet one day. There’s more stress, to be sure, but you will also earn more per mile by cutting out the middle man.BonusesEvery company is different, but potential extras include signing bonuses when you’re first hired, monthly mileage rewards, fuel-efficiency bonuses, safety pay when your driving record is exemplary, layover pay, bonuses for clean DOT inspections, and referrals of friends as new drivers to your company.  BenefitsWhile they may not be tangible as cold hard cash, benefits can be a luc rative addition to your compensation package. Anything from paid sick time and vacation to life insurance, medical insurance, dental insurance, job security, and 401k retirement plans.The road you take will be your own, but these are a few things to keep in mind (and in your pocket!) on your journey to becoming a CDL truck driver.

Historical Anagoly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Historical Anagoly - Essay Example According to (A& E television,2001) â€Å"On September 11, 2001, at 8:45 a.m. on a clear Tuesday morning, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with 20,000 gallons of jet fuel crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York City†. The terrorist attack was carried out by the Al – Qaeda militant head Osama bin Laden and it gave rise to harsh rivalry between America and Islamic radical group. Since then the most mind boggling historical event was the killing of Osama bin Laden by American militants. The radical leader who swayed American government and security of the nation was killed in a remote Pakistani residence. The terrorist leader was killed and submerged in the sea by the American government and this was a pivotal achievement for the American government. The terrorist attack on World Trade Centre was a moment of threat, danger and insecurity for America but with the killing of Osama bin laden, the country gained the confidence and approval of i ts citizen. Fear of attack The America in its history has never undergone such an attack where the nation lost many of its citizen and right of freedom to act or survive in a peaceful environment. The country was living in fear as the reality was frightening where anytime one could face death or injury without short notice. The smell of death was everywhere, people were scared to step out of house or attend work. They believed and were alerted that any unknown baggage or suspicious man could be a radical element which could denote bomb or explosive. Frankly speaking, America was a safe country and every citizen had the right to live in a peaceful environment. However, with this attack, the country was the least secure nation as the radical elements seared to destroy the nation at any cost. At the same time, the Islamic militants were rejoicing at their success of mutilating America. They believed the culture and strategy of America were to destroy other nation and Islam as the only true religion should abolish Christianity and their cultural practice. The Al – Qaeda which was formulated by Osama bin Laden for the protection of Muslims under attack by America grew to be a large organization which had branches worldwide. They trained suicide bombers and convinced them to fight for the religion. The rigorous religious practice and training give way to September 11 attack which gave joy and success to Osama led Al Qaeda group. According to (Baldor,2013) â€Å"U.S. special operations forces who participated in the raid that killed Osama bin Laden were in uniform and wearing nametags during a CIA award ceremony attended by the writer of the film "Zero Dark Thirty," a Pentagon inspector general's report said Friday† The politics of the event Everybody knows that America as a powerful nation want all countries at their feet. The country had been enemy to many developing nation s as they ruled according to their will and wants their counterparts at their subjugation. The country had a major hand in attacking Afghanis along with Russia. The Osama bin laden has many times confessed that this union of America with Russia has sparked vengeance in him against America. He declared that the Saudi chose him to be a representative to fight against atheist America and Russia. It is a fact that Russians and America as westerners wanted to destroy the solidarity and unity of the growing